Smallpox Presentation

Eradication Success

• Center for Food Security and Public Health Iowa State University - 2004

• Vaccine available
• No animal reservoir
• Vaccinees easily identifiable
• Vaccinees could “vaccinate” close contacts
• Diseased easily identifiable

Smallpox Stores

• Center for Food Security and Public Health Iowa State University - 2004

• CDC in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
• Vector Laboratories in Koltsovo, Russia
• Unknown others?

Transmission

Smallpox Transmission

• Center for Food Security and Public Health Iowa State University - 2004

• Person-to-person
• Inhalation of droplets
• Direct contact
• With infected body fluids
• Scabs
• Contaminated objects
• Bedding, clothing, bandages
• Aerosol
• Rarely

Smallpox Transmission

• Center for Food Security and Public Health Iowa State University - 2004

• Spread more easily in cool, dry winter months
• Can be transmitted in any climate
• No transmission by insects or animals

Smallpox Transmission

• Center for Food Security and Public Health Iowa State University - 2004

• Transmission from a smallpox case
• Prodrome phase, less common
• Fever, no rash yet
• Most contagious with rash onset
• First 7-10 days
• Contagious until last scab falls off

Disease in Humans

Smallpox Clinical Disease

• Center for Food Security and Public Health Iowa State University - 2004

• Incubation period 7-17 days
• Range 12-14 d
• Initial signs
• Small red spots in mouth and on tongue
• Rash on face
• Spreads to arms, legs, hands, feet (centrifugal)
• Entire body within 24 hours

• Center for Food Security and Public Health Iowa State University - 2004

• FEVER

• RASH

• Pre-eruption

• Papules-Vesicles

• Pustules

• Scabs

• Onset of rash

• Days

• – 4

• – 3

• – 2

• – 1

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

• 6

• 7

• 8

• 9

• 10

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• 12

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• 14

• 21