3) Focus on the sentence: As a rule grammatical structures and vocabulary are practised through translation of separate sentences. Originally this was meant to facilitate language learning and grammar analysis instead of using longer texts.
4) Bottom-up approach to language analysis: Letters and sounds are learned before words, words before sentences.
5) Lexicon equivalency of the native and target language: It is believed to be possible to supply all target language words with their native language equivalents.
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