Nukus state pedagogical institute foreign language faculty english language and literature department

CONCLUSION

English has gone through many periods in which large numbers of words from a particular language were borrowed. It not only borrows from other languages but also is borrowed by others. The more contacts, the more loan words the language will acquire. The borrowing and lending lead to the merging of different languages from different nations and form new English words. Presently modern English has developed a set of scientific and technological terms common to and used by all languages as is true with politics, media, and finance. Although many words from French, German, Russian, Spanish, Japanese, and Arabic have been incorporated into English language, its wide usage, openness, flexibility, tolerance, as well as creativity make it possible to be the main body of international language in the merging of vocabularies. [4; 33-38]

Thus, borrowing increases the lexical richness of the language, is a source of new roots, word-forming elements and terms, and is a consequence of social conditions of human life. The process of borrowing is already at the heart of linguistic activity. The main flow of borrowings in the narrow sense (i.e., foreign words) goes through spoken words of professional spheres and jargons of different social groups. By the nature and volume of borrowings in the language, one can track the path of the historical development of language, i.e., the ways of international travel, communications, scientific development and, as a consequence, crossing of the phraseology of one language with that of other. Monitoring the transition of phrases of a foreign language into another language helps to understand the history of the language, both literary and dialects.
Any language as the means of communication is closely connected with the culture of the nation. Language contacts appear both upon people’s coming into contact with each other [Weinreich, 1979] and in the absence of it [Krysin, 2002; Volodarskaya, 2001], provided there exist some mediated cultures contacts. One of the ultimate outcomes of the interaction between cultures/ interculturality is linguistic borrowing which presents a certain phase or stage in the process of other nation’s cultural values adoption.
English is one of the world's most prominent languages. Its history is interesting for many reasons, including its flexibility in borrowing from other languages, a flexibility that has enriched its vocabulary over the centuries. Many studies have been done of these foreign elements in English. Jespersen's book (Jespersen 1946) on the history and development of English provided a foundation upon which many others based their own studies of loanwords in English.