Children infectious diseases

1. 
   100 000 IU/kg
   
2. 
   150 000 IU/kg
   
3. 
   300 000 IU/kg
   
4. 
   *500 000 IU/kg
   
5. 
   600 000 IU/kg
   

371. 
     Indicate the daily dose of benzylpenicillin to the child of 9 months with meningococcal meningitis:
     
     1. 
        100 000 IU/kg
        
     2. 
        150 000 IU/kg
        
     3. 
        *300 000 IU/kg
        
     4. 
        500 000 IU/kg
        
     5. 
        600 000 IU/kg
        

372. 
     Indicate the daily dose of benzylpenicillin to the child of 3 years with meningococcal meningitis:
     
     1. 
        100 000 IU/kg
        
     2. 
        *200 000 IU/kg
        
     3. 
        300 000 IU/kg
        
     4. 
        500 000 IU/kg
        
     5. 
        600 000 IU/kg
        

373. 
     Indicate the daily dose of cefotaxim to the child of 2 years with meningococcal meningitis:
     
     1. 
        50 mg/kg
        
     2. 
        100 mg/kg
        
     3. 
        150 mg/kg
        
     4. 
        *200 mg/kg
        
     5. 
        250 mg/kg
        

374. 
     Indicate the daily dose of ceftriaxon to the child of 5 years with meningococcal meningitis:
     
     1. 
        50 mg/kg
        
     2. 
        *100 mg/kg
        
     3. 
        150 mg/kg
        
     4. 
        200 mg/kg
        
     5. 
        250 mg/kg
        

375. 
     Indicate the daily dose of chloramphenicol to the child of 2 years with meningococcal meningitis:
     
     1. 
        10 mg/kg
        
     2. 
        20 mg/kg
        
     3. 
        30 mg/kg
        
     4. 
        50 mg/kg
        
     5. 
        *100 mg/kg
        

376. 
     Indicate the specific signs of respiratory-catarrhal form of enteroviral infection («summer flu»)
     
     1. 
        *Cold, dry cough, hyperemia of the face, pharynx, and conjunctivitis. Duration of disease is 1-3 days.
        
     2. 
        Cold, dry cough, conjunctivitis, expressed pallor of skin. Duration of disease is 1-3 days.
        
     3. 
        Febrile temperature, barking cough, hyperemia of pharynx, conjunctivitis. Duration of disease is 5-7 days.
        
     4. 
        Hyperthermia to 39-40 С, paroxysmal dry cough, hyperemia of the face, pharynx. Duration of disease is 6-10 days.
        
     5. 
        Cold, intensive moist cough, hyperemia of pharynx, otitis. Duration of disease is for 2 weeks
        

377. 
     Indicate the typical features of enteroviral diarrhea.
     
     1. 
        *Absence of considerable intoxication, diarrhea is on the background of the catarrhal phenomena, positive epidemiology data
        
     2. 
        Intoxication, watery diarrhea with green admixtures on a background of subfebrile temperature
        
     3. 
        Presence of the catarrhal phenomena, emptying frequent, liquid, yellow with the admixtures of mucus
        
     4. 
        Absence of intoxication, diarrhea, stomach-aches, febrile temperature
        
     5. 
        The displays of intoxication are not considerable, emptying of green color, is accompanied by tenesms and severe stomach-aches
        

378. 
     Indicate the way of polio-vaccine introduction at the third vaccination and next revaccinations.
     
     1. 
        *Through a mouth
        
     2. 
        Subcutaneously
        
     3. 
        Intracutaneously
        
     4. 
        Intramuscularly
        
     5. 
        Endonasaly
        

379. 
     In which illness myositis could develop?
     
     1. 
        *Enteroviral infections.
        
     2. 
        Influenza.
        
     3. 
        Herpetic infection.
        
     4. 
        Salmonellosis.
        
     5. 
        Typhoid fever.
        

380. 
     Lumbar puncture is indicated in case of:
     
     1. 
        Comma of 3rd degree
        
     2. 
        Collapse
        
     3. 
        *Presence of meningeal symptoms
        
     4. 
        Hyperthermia of unknown origin
        

381. 
     Medical tactic at enteroviral infection is:
     
     1. 
        *The changes of diet are not needed. Gamma-globulin and RNA-element is specific treatment.
        
     2. 
        Diet. Only pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment.
        
     3. 
        Specific treatment is not present. Antibiotics and symptomatic treatment.
        
     4. 
        Diet. Purpose of antiviral and pathogenetic therapy.
        
     5. 
        A diet is not appointed. Antibiotics and dehydration treatment.
        

382. 
     More frequent entrance gate (atrium) at Enteroviral infection is:
     
     1. 
        *Mucus membranes of the pharynx and intestine
        
     2. 
        Wound surface
        
     3. 
        Mucus membranes of the upper respiratory tracts and stomach
        
     4. 
        Mucus membranes of the intestine
        
     5. 
        Lymphatic and blood circulatory system
        

383. 
     More frequent purulent meningitis occurs at:
     
     1. 
        *new-born
        
     2. 
        infants
        
     3. 
        1-3 years old children
        
     4. 
        elder children
        
     5. 
        out of dependence on age
        

384. 
     Name the dose of sodium oxybutirati for treatment of convulsive syndrome:
     
     1. 
        40-60 mg/kg
        
     2. 
        50-70 mg/kg
        
     3. 
        *50-100 mg/kg
        
     4. 
        70-100 mg/kg
        
     5. 
        100-120 mg/kg
        

385. 
     Name the evidence to abolish antibiotics at purulent meningitis:
     
     1. 
        *after decrease of pleocytosis to 50 cells
        
     2. 
        after complete liquor sanation
        
     3. 
        after normalization of temperature and acute phase indexes of blood
        
     4. 
        after disappearance of meningeal symptoms
        
     5. 
        after negative CSF culture
        

386. 
     Name the incorrect assertion about the epidemiology of poliomyelitis:
     
     1. 
        *More likely older children are infected
        
     2. 
        The only source of infection is a sick person or a virus carrier
        
     3. 
        The virus is excreted from the nasopharyngeal or intestinal contents
        
     4. 
        In nasopharynx virus stay not more than 1-2 weeks
        
     5. 
        Virus secretion with faces may take several weeks
        

387. 
     Pathogenesis of Meningococcemia:
     
     1. 
        *entering of Meningococcus with the flow of blood in different organs and tissues
        
     2. 
        entering of Meningococcus through lymphatic vessels in different organs and tissues
        
     3. 
        Penetration of Meningococcus in the mucus membrane of nasopharynx
        
     4. 
        Penetration of Meningococcus over the blood-brain barrier
        
     5. 
        Penetration of Meningococcus in the mucus membrane of respiratory tract
        

388. 
     Patients by what form of Meningococcal infection are the most dangerous in the epidemiology relation?
     
     1. 
        *Meningococcal nasopharyngitis
        
     2. 
        Meningococcal carrying
        
     3. 
        Meningococcal meningitis
        
     4. 
        Meningococcemia
        
     5. 
        Meningococcal encephalitis
        

389. 
     Prescribe an antibiotic to the child with meningococcal meningitis in case of his allergy on penicillin:
     
     1. 
        erythromycin
        
     2. 
        cefasolin
        
     3. 
        ampicillin
        
     4. 
        *chloramphenicol
        
     5. 
        gentamicin
        

390. 
     Select a symptom that is not characteristic for decompensated infectious-toxic shock:
     
     1. 
        *Pale skin.
        
     2. 
        Acrocyanosis.
        
     3. 
        Venous stasis.
        
     4. 
        Violation of consciousness.
        
     5. 
        Bradycardia.
        

391. 
     Select a symptom that is not characteristic for decompensated infectious-toxic shock:
     
     1. 
        *Excitation.
        
     2. 
        Acrocyanosis.
        
     3. 
        Total cyanosis.
        
     4. 
        Bradycardia.
        
     5. 
        Reduction of blood pressure.
        

392. 
     Select a symptom that is not characteristic for decompensated infectious-toxic shock:
     
     1. 
        *Hyperthermia.
        
     2. 
        Acrocyanosis.
        
     3. 
        Total cyanosis.
        
     4. 
        Venous stasis.
        
     5. 
        Violation of consciousness.
        

393. 
     Select a symptom that is not characteristic for decompensated infectious-toxic shock:
     
     1. 
        *Tachycardia
        
     2. 
        Venous stasis.
        
     3. 
        Violation of consciousness.
        
     4. 
        Bradycardia.
        
     5. 
        Reduction of blood pressure.
        

394. 
     Select the most typical features of paralysis in poliomyelitis:
     
     1. 
        *Proximal.
        
     2. 
        Symmetrical
        
     3. 
        Hypertension of muscles.
        
     4. 
        Hyperrephlexia.
        
     5. 
        Violation of sensitivity.
        

395. 
     The basic difference of encephalitis from the encephalitic reaction is:
     
     1. 
        Brief loss of consciousness
        
     2. 
        Brief clonic-tonic cramps
        
     3. 
        *Output without organic cerebral defect
        
     4. 
        Instable paralysis or paresis
        
     5. 
        Violation of consciousness
        

396. 
     The children of what age most often have poliomyelitis?
     
     1. 
        *before 7 years
        
     2. 
        in the first months of life
        
     3. 
        in the first year of life
        
     4. 
        in school age
        
     5. 
        in 15-17 years
        

397. 
     The damage of the motoneurons in the spinal form of acute poliomyelitis is characterized by all, except:
     
     1. 
        *Signs of muscle atrophy appear in the first days of illness
        
     2. 
        Acute paralysis, roughly, the period of their growth takes from several hours to 1-2 days
        
     3. 
        Paralysis develops asymmetrically
        
     4. 
        Characteristic pain (spontaneous pain in the extremities and back, the positive symptoms of tension)
        
     5. 
        Sensory disturbances, pelvic disorders, pyramidal signs are absent
        

398. 
     The differential diagnosis of polio acute paralytic form must be done with the following diseases except:
     
     1. 
        *Rabies
        
     2. 
        Encephalitis
        
     3. 
        Infection polyradiculoneuritis
        
     4. 
        Myopathy
        
     5. 
        Myelitis
        

399. 
     The enterovirus genus includes various representatives, except:
     
     1. 
        *Hepatitis E Virus
        
     2. 
        Poliomyelitis
        
     3. 
        Coxsackie viruses group A and B
        
     4. 
        The ECHO viruses
        
     5. 
        Hepatitis A Virus
        

400. 
     What is the entrance gate (atrium) for poliomyelitis virus?
     
     1. 
        *Through a mouth
        
     2. 
        Through the mucus surfaces of eyes
        
     3. 
        Through a wound surface
        
     4. 
        Through mother's milk
        
     5. 
        Through placenta
        

401. 
     The most frequent form of encephalitic reaction in children of early age is:
     
     1. 
        *Cramps
        
     2. 
        Delirium
        
     3. 
        Violation of consciousness
        
     4. 
        Violation of CSF dynamics
        
     5. 
        Sopor
        

402. 
     The most frequent form of encephalitic reaction in children of senior age is:
     
     1. 
        Cramps
        
     2. 
        *Delirium
        
     3. 
        Violation of consciousness
        
     4. 
        Violation of CSF dynamics
        
     5. 
        Sopor
        

403. 
     The source of infection at Enteroviral infection is:
     
     1. 
        *Sick man or virus carrier
        
     2. 
        Rodents
        
     3. 
        Flies and mosquitoes
        
     4. 
        Food
        
     5. 
        Articles of care
        

404. 
     The source of Meningococcal infection is:
     
     1. 
        *Sick man and healthy transmitter
        
     2. 
        Sick people and animals
        
     3. 
        Sick people
        
     4. 
        Healthy transmitters of infection
        
     5. 
        Sick animals
        

405. 
     Name the way of agent transmission at Meningococcal infection.
     
     1. 
        *Air-droplet
        
     2. 
        orally-fecal
        
     3. 
        Contact-domestic
        
     4. 
        Water and domestic
        
     5. 
        transmissive
        

406. 
     What agent most often causes meningitis at the children of early age?
     
     1. 
        *meningococcus
        
     2. 
        pneumococcus
        
     3. 
        Haemophilus influenza
        
     4. 
        Staphylococcus
        
     5. 
        Streptococcus
        

407. 
     What antibiotic is applied in case of infectious-toxic shock in Meningococcal meningitis?
     
     1. 
        *chloramphenicol
        
     2. 
        ampicillini thryhidratis
        
     3. 
        benzylpenicillin
        
     4. 
        ciprofloxacin
        
     5. 
        cefotaxim
        

408. 
     What antibiotic must be applied on the prehospital stage of Meningococcal meningitis treatment without the infectious-toxic shock?
     
     1. 
        *chloramphenicol
        
     2. 
        ampicillini thryhidratis
        
     3. 
        rifampicin
        
     4. 
        ciprofloxacin
        
     5. 
        benzylpenicillin
        

409. 
     What anticonvulsive preparation has the most suppressive action on the respiratory center?
     
     1. 
        seduxen
        
     2. 
        *sodium oxybutirati
        
     3. 
        hexenal
        
     4. 
        droperydol
        
     5. 
        magnesium sulfate
        

410. 
     What are the most typical places of rash localization at meningococcemia?
     
     1. 
        *Legs.
        
     2. 
        Face.
        
     3. 
        Neck.
        
     4. 
        Chest.
        
     5. 
        Hands.
        

411. 
     What are the most typical places of rash localization at meningococcemia?
     
     1. 
        *Buttocks.
        
     2. 
        Face.
        
     3. 
        Head.
        
     4. 
        Chest.
        
     5. 
        Hands.
        

412. 
     What are the symptoms of compensated infectious-toxic shock?
     
     1. 
        *Pale skin.
        
     2. 
        Oliguria.
        
     3. 
        Hypothermia.
        
     4. 
        Loss of consciousness.
        
     5. 
        Reduction of blood pressure.
        

413. 
     What are the symptoms of compensated infectious-toxic shock?
     
     1. 
        *Hyperthermia.
        
     2. 
        Oliguria.
        
     3. 
        Hypothermia.
        
     4. 
        Loss of consciousness.
        
     5. 
        Reduction of blood pressure.
        

414. 
     What are the symptoms of compensated infectious-toxic shock?
     
     1. 
        *Tachycardia.
        
     2. 
        Oliguria.
        
     3. 
        Hypothermia.
        
     4. 
        Loss of consciousness.
        
     5. 
        Reduction of blood pressure.
        

415. 
     What are the symptoms of compensated infectious-toxic shock:
     
     1. 
        *Excitation.
        
     2. 
        Oliguria.
        
     3. 
        Hypothermia.
        
     4. 
        Unconsciousness.
        
     5. 
        Reduction of blood pressure.
        

416. 
     What are the typical clinical signs of Enteroviral infection?
     
     1. 
        *Hyperemia the face and neck, sometimes with appearance of the maculo-papulous rashes
        
     2. 
        Sings of conjunctivitis and rhinitis
        
     3. 
        Presence of papulous rashes and itch
        
     4. 
        Hectic temperature and signs of intoxication
        
     5. 
        Meningeal signs
        

417. 
     What clinical signs are not typical for ependymatitis?
     
     1. 
        Increasing disorders of consciousness
        
     2. 
        Violation of muscular tone by the type of decerebration rigidity
        
     3. 
        Tonic cramps
        
     4. 
        Marasmus, that progresses
        
     5. 
        *stabile hyperthermia
        

418. 
     What complication is characteristic for staphylococcal meningitis?
     
     1. 
        Damage of auditory nerve
        
     2. 
        Neuritis of facial nerve
        
     3. 
        *Abscess of brain
        
     4. 
        Hydrocephalus
        
     5. 
        Paresis of soft palate
        

419. 
     What complication is the most characteristic for meningococcal meningitis?
     
     1. 
        Damage of auditory nerve
        
     2. 
        Neuritis of facial nerve
        
     3. 
        Abscess of brain
        
     4. 
        *Hydrocephalus
        
     5. 
        Paresis of soft palate
        

420. 
     What does not belong to criteria of the vaccine associated paralytic polio?
     
     1. 
        *Vaccine associated paralytic polio (after oral vaccine) is most often associated with type I polio virus
        
     2. 
        The onset of illness later than 4th and no later than 30th day after receiving the vaccine. To contacts with vaccinated this period is extended to 60-day.
        
     3. 
        Development of flaccid paresis and paralysis without violating sensitivity with persistent (after 2 months) residual effects
        
     4. 
        Lack of the disease progression
        
     5. 
        Isolation of vaccine strain polio virus and a 4-fold increase of type-specific antibodies
        

421. 
     What does the decrease of sugar in CSF in case of meningococcal meningitis point on?
     
     1. 
        The etiology of disease
        
     2. 
        Presence of bacteria in a blood
        
     3. 
        *Protracted course of disease
        
     4. 
        Development of ventriculitis
        
     5. 
        Presence of complications
        

422. 
     What dose of penicillin is used in meningococcemia treatment in children?
     
     1. 
        *300 thousand units / kg
        
     2. 
        50 thousand units / kg
        
     3. 
        100 thousand units / kg
        
     4. 
        1 million IU / kg
        
     5. 
        200 thousand units / kg
        

423. 
     What dose of penicillin is used in meningococcemia treatment in children?
     
     1. 
        *400 thousand units / kg
        
     2. 
        150 thousand units / kg
        
     3. 
        100 thousand units / kg
        
     4. 
        600 thousand units / kg
        
     5. 
        200 thousand units / kg
        

424. 
     What dose of prednisolone is entered at Meningococcemia without the sings of infectious-toxic shock?
     
     1. 
        *5 mg/kg
        
     2. 
        10 mg/kg
        
     3. 
        15 mg/ kg
        
     4. 
        20 mg/kg
        
     5. 
        25 mg/kg
        

425. 
     What dose of prednisolone is entered at Meningococcemia with the sings of infectious-toxic shock?
     
     1. 
        *10 - 20 mg/kg
        
     2. 
        5 - 10 mg/kg
        
     3. 
        15 - 20 mg/kg
        
     4. 
        20 - 25 mg/kg
        
     5. 
        2 - 5 mg/kg
        

426. 
     What epidemiology information confirm the diagnosis of enteroviral infection
     
     1. 
        *Presence of group diseases or flashes, the sick children have herpangina, myalgia, and meningitis
        
     2. 
        Presence of group diseases, the sick children have diarrhea, fever, meningitis
        
     3. 
        Presence of flashes, the sick children have herpangina, carditis, and diarrhea
        
     4. 
        Presence of group diseases or flashes, the sick children have severe toxic syndrome, meningitis
        
     5. 
        Presence of periodic flashes, the sick children have herpangina, arthritis, and diarrhea
        

427. 
     What from enumerated is not characteristically for purulent meningitis at infants?
     
     1. 
        Cramps
        
     2. 
        Repeated vomit
        
     3. 
        *Expressed meningeal symptoms
        
     4. 
        Hyperesthesia
        
     5. 
        Bulging of large fontanel
        

428. 
     What from enumerated is not characteristically for subdural effusion?
     
     1. 
        Hectic temperature
        
     2. 
        Location behind the large fontanel
        
     3. 
        Symptoms of intracranial hypertension
        
     4. 
        *Worsening of CSF indexes
        
     5. 
        All enumerated is incorrect
        

429. 
     What from this indicates on the «central» origin of vomiting?
     
     1. 
        *Vomits without nausea
        
     2. 
        Vomits, that repeats oneself
        
     3. 
        Vomits which brings facilitation
        
     4. 
        Vomits on a background of a high temperature
        
     5. 
        Vomits, that is accompanied by head ache
        

430. 
     What from this is correct?
     
     1. 
        *Enterovirus damage muscles, heart, mucus membrane of intestine and nervous system
        
     2. 
        Enterovirus damage lungs, heart, mucus membrane of intestine and liver
        
     3. 
        Enterovirus damage muscles, heart, mucus membrane of intestine and nervous system
        
     4. 
        Enterovirus damage lungs, heart, mucus membrane of intestine and liver
        
     5. 
        Enterovirus damage muscles, heart, bone fabric and lights
        

431. 
     What from vegetative violations is not typical for tubercular meningitis?
     
     1. 
        Increased sweating
        
     2. 
        The Trousseau’s spots
        
     3. 
        Stable red dermographism
        
     4. 
        *White dermographism
        
     5. 
        Changes of cardiac rhythm
        

432. 
     What does include prophylactic orthopedic regime for a patient with poliomyelitis?
     
     1. 
        *bed regime, thermal procedures, dosed massage of the damaged muscles
        
     2. 
        bed regime, physical therapy procedures, massage of the damaged muscles
        
     3. 
        half bed regime, electro- and thermal procedures, massage of the damaged muscles
        
     4. 
        half bed regime, electro- and thermal procedures, medical physical education
        
     5. 
        half bed regime, physical therapy procedures, medical physical education
        

433. 
     What is the characteristic pose of children who has poliomyelitis?
     
     1. 
        *A symptom of tripods
        
     2. 
        The Lasseg symptom
        
     3. 
        Orthopnoe
        
     4. 
        Pose of ballet-dancer
        
     5. 
        Pose of frog