Dental Caries definition and theories Tashkent state Dental Institute 212-b groupp Students: Ne'matjonov Javoxir Teacher: Esbosinova N. P

II. MICROFLORA

• Strep. mutans  early carious lesions of enamel
• Lactobacilli  dentinal caries
• Actinomyces  root caries

Role of microorganisms in dental caries

Role of microorganisms in dental caries

• Prerequisite for dental caries initiation
• A single type of microbe is capable of inducing dental caries
• Ability to produce acid  prerequisite for caries induction
• Streptococcus strains are capable of inducing caries
• Organisms vary greatly in their ability to induce caries

• Dental caries does not occur in a sterile mouth. (no mouth can ever be made sterile)


• The conditions in the oral cavity are ideal for the growth of bacteria that metabolize sugar to acids.


• The oral cavity is generally a warm place, at body temperature (37°C) encouraging the growth of bacteria.

Transmission of MS

• Vertical transmission
• Source is usually mother
• Transmission may occur at birth, but MS reside in low numbers in reservoirs such as tonsils or dorsum of tongue

Role of dental plaque

Role of dental plaque

• soft, non mineralized, bacterial deposit which forms on a teeth that are not adequately cleaned
• Complex metabolically interconned highly organized bacteria/ ecosystem
• Important component of dental plaque is acquired pellicle  just prior or concomitantly with bacterial colonization and may facilitate plaque formation
• Microbial in dental plaque

 streptococci

 actinomycetes

 veillonella

• Strep. mutans  chief etiological agent of dental caries

III. DIET

• Increase in carbohydrate increase carious activity
• Risk of caries is greater if the sugar is consumed in a form that will be retained on the surface of the teeth
• Risk of sugar increasing caries activity if it is consumed between meals
• Increasing caries activity varies widely between individuals
• Upon withdrawal of the sugar rich foods the increased caries activity rapidly disappears
• Carious lesion may continue to appear desperate to avoidance of refined sugar and maximum restriction on natural sugars dietary carbohydrates
• High concentration sugar in solution and its prolonged retention on the tooth surface leads to increased caries activity
• Clearance time of the sugar correlates closely with caries activity

THE CARIES PROCESS

• Caries of enamel

 smooth surface caries

 pit and fissure caries

• Caries of dentin
• Caries of cementum