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were / has been etc.) + the past participle:

(be) done (be) cleaned (be) damaged (be) built (be) seen

  1. The passive infinitive is be done / be cleaned / be built etc.

  2. We use the infinitive after modal verbs (will, can, must etc.) and a

  3. number of other verbs (for example: have to, be going to, want

  4. to). Compare:


Passive (2) (present and past tenses)


These are the passive forms of the present and past tenses:
Present simple am/is/are + done/cleaned etc.


Active: Somebody cleans ( this room) everyday.
Passive: ( This room ) is cleaned everyday.
Many accidents are caused by dangerous driving.
I'm not often invited to parties.
Ho w many people are injured in road accidents every day?
Past simple was/were + done/cleaned etc.


Active: Somebody cleaned ( this room) yesterday
Passive: ( This room ) was cleaned yesterday.
During the night we were all woken up by a loud explosion.
When was that castle built?

The house wasn't damaged in the storm but a tree was blown down.




Present continuous am/is/are being + done/cleaned etc.


Active: Somebody is cleaning ( the room) at the moment.
Passive: ( The room ) is being cleaned at the moment.
Look at those old houses! They arc being knocked down.
(shop assistant to customer) Are you being served, madam ?


Past continuous was/were being + done/cleaned etc.



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