Ishtirok etish va hamkorlikni rivojlantirish orqali

Conclusion

• Conclusion
• This chapter began with a review of the reasons for regulating financial markets, and explained why banks tend to be singled out for special regulation. The reader was introduced to key terms such as financial fragility, contagion and systemic risk. The bulk of the chapter focused on the Basel Committee, and its efforts to establish common global regulatory standards for international banks. Rapid financial innovation, together with obvious gaps and inconsistencies in Basel 1, resulted in a major amendment on the treatment of market risk. Proposals for a new ‘‘Basel 2’’ were put forward in 2000, with a recommendation to change the treatment of credit risk, and introduce a new capital charge for operational risk. Pillars 2 and 3, dealing, respectively, with supervisory practices and market disclosure, were added to create a comprehensive system of global bank regulation. It would allow banks to ‘‘mix and match’’ the way capital charges are assessed for credit, market and operational risk. Basel 2 gives banks incentives to employ their own internal models, to achieve convergence in the amount of regulatory and economic capital set aside by banks. The original proposals were attacked by practitioners and academics alike, and Basel’s own quantitative impact studies indicate many banks will experience a net increase in the amount of capital they are required to set aside.

• Xulosa
• Ushbu bob moliya bozorlarini tartibga solish sabablarini ko'rib chiqish bilan boshlandi va Banklar nima uchun maxsus tartibga solish uchun alohida ajralib turishini tushuntirdi. O‘quvchi tanishtirildi moliyaviy zaiflik, yuqumli va tizimli xavf kabi asosiy atamalarga. Bo'limning asosiy qismi asosiy e'tiborni Bazel qo'mitasiga va uning umumiy global tartibga solishga qaratilgan sa'y-harakatlariga qaratdi xalqaro banklar uchun standartlar. Aniq kamchiliklar bilan birgalikda tezkor moliyaviy innovatsiyalar va Bazel 1dagi nomuvofiqliklar bozorni davolashda katta o'zgarishlarga olib keldi xavf. Yangi "Bazel 2" bo'yicha takliflar 2000 yilda ilgari surilgan.
• kredit riskiga munosabatni o'zgartirish va operatsion risk uchun yangi kapital to'lovini joriy etish. 2 va 3 ustunlar mos ravishda nazorat amaliyoti va bozorni oshkor qilish bilan bog'liq edi. global banklarni tartibga solishning keng qamrovli tizimini yaratish uchun qo'shildi. Bu banklarga imkon beradi
• "Aralash va moslashtirish" - kredit, bozor va operatsion risk uchun kapital to'lovlarini baholash usuli. Bazel 2 banklarni konvergentsiyaga erishish uchun o'zlarining ichki modellaridan foydalanishga rag'batlantiradi banklar tomonidan ajratilgan normativ-iqtisodiy kapital miqdorida. Asl takliflar
• amaliyotchilar va akademiklar tomonidan hujumga uchragan va Bazelning miqdoriy ta'siri
• Tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatadiki, ko'plab banklar kapital miqdorining sof o'sishini boshdan kechiradilar chetga qo'yish talab qilinadi. Qo'shimcha maslahat hujjatlari jiddiy imtiyozlar berdi