Morphological structure of a word. Classification of Morphemes

Hyperbole is a SD in which emphasis is active through deliberate exaggeration; the feelings & emotions of the speaker are so concentrated that the resorts in his speech to intensifying the quantitative or the qualitative aspect of the object. (e.g. My love should grow faster that empires).
Hyperbole is one of the most expressive means of our everyday speech.
It may be the final effect of another SD: metaphor, simile, irony like as: (e.g. he had the tread of an elephant (metaphor). The man was like the Rock of Gibraltar (simile)). (e.g. She was all angles &-bones).
Hyperbole can be expressed by all notional parts of speech. There are words which are used in the stylistic devices more often than others. They are such pronounce as all, every, everybody and so on (She was both angler and bones). Also numerical nouns and adverbs of time: a million, a thousand, ever, never.
Hyperbole is used at exaggerating of quantity or quality when it is directly the opposite way, when the size, shape, demotions, characteristic features of an object are not overrated but underrated we deal with understatement or meiosis.
e.g. This woman of a pocket size (understatement).
I was scared to death when I came into the room (H).
She was a sparrow of a woman.

16. Lexico-syntactical SD

Syntactical SD adds logical, emotive expressive information to the utterance, regardless of lexical Meanings of sentence components.
There are certain structures that emphasis depends not only on the arrangement of sentence members but also on their construction with definite demands on the lexical-semantic aspect of the utterance. They are known as lexical-syntactical SD
Antithesis (противопоставление ) is a lexical-syntactical stylistic device, based on parallel construction with contrasted words. It is often based on the use of antonyms.
e.g. God made the country. And man made the town.


Climax is a figure in which each next word-combination (clause, sentence) is logically more important or emotionally stronger or more explicit.
Климакс это показатель, в котором каждая следующая комбинация слов (оговорки, предложении) является логически более важными или эмоционально сильной и более явным.
e.g. Little by little, bit by bit, & day by day, year by year, the Baron got the worst of some disputed question.
Anticlimax is a figure in which consists in arrangement of parts of an utterance based on gradual decrease in semantic significance or emotional tension.
Антиклимакс это цифра, в которой состоит в расположении частей на высказывания основаны на постепенное уменьшение семантического значения или эмоциональное напряжение.


Simile is a lexico-syntactical stylistic device, which consists in the imaginative comparison of 2 unlike objects belonging to 2 different classes. The one which is compared is called the tenor & the other- the vehicle.
Сравнение является лексико-синтаксических стилистических устройством, которое состоит в творческое сравнение 2 в отличие от объектов, принадлежащих к различным классам 2. Тот, который по сравнению называется тенор И с другой-транспортного средства.
Link-words: like, as, as though, as as, as like, such as.
e.g. She(tenor) is like a rose(vehicle)


Litotes it is a two-component structure, in which 2 negations are joined to give a positive evaluation.
e.g. Her face was not unpretty.
The 1^st component in the negative participle “not”.

Periphrasis a SD, which consists of using a round about form of expression in stead of a simple one

Periphrasis are classified into: figurative and logical.

Figurative is based on metonymy or a metaphor. e.g. root of the devil, young blood.