Naftion kislota (natriyli tuzi)

Laboratoriya ishi №8
ASETILENNING LABORATORIYADA OLINISHI
C₂H₂ olish uchun ham CH₄ yoki C₂H₄ olish asboblaridan foydalanish mumkin. 1 - ta probirkaga KMnO₄ ozrok ishkor ko`shilgan eritmasidan; ikkinchisiga Br<sub>2</sub> li suvdan 2 ml, uchinchisiga esa shuncha suv soling.
Gaz chikarish nayi o`rnatilgan probka bilan jihozlangan katta probirkaga 3 - 4 ta bo`lak CaC<sub>2</sub> soling va unga 2 ml suv kushib, probirkaning ogzini tezda gaz chikarish nayli probkasi bilan zich kilib berkiting. Gaz chikarish nayining ogziga yonayotgan gugurt chupini tuting. Asetilenning etilenga nisbatiga ravshanroq alanga berib yonishini kuzating. Gaz chikarish nayining uchini Br<sub>2</sub> li suv solingan probirkaga tushiring va biroz eritma quying. Eritma rangsizlanadi. Asetilenning hosil bo`lishi:
CaC₂ + 2H₂O  Ca(OH)₂ +HC ≡ CH
CaC₂ solingan probirkaga 1 tomchi fenolftalein eritmasidan tomizib, reaksiyada hakikatdan ham Ca(OH)₂ hosil bo`lganini isbotlash mumkin.
Asetilenning yonishi:
2C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> +5O<sub>2</sub>  4CO<sub>2</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>О (to`la yonish)
Etilen molekulasidagiga karaganda C₂H₂ molekulasidagi H₂0 atomlari kam bo`lganligi uchun asetilen ravshan alanga berib yonadi.
Br₂ birikishi:
Br Br
Br₂ | | Br₂
HC≡CH - - -  CH=CH - - CHBr₂ - CHBr₂
KMnO₄ bilan oksidlanishi:

[O] +H₂O [O] +H₂O

HC≡CH - - - - - - - - - -  (OH)CH=CH(OH) - - - - - - - - - - - (OH)₂CH - CH(OH)₂ - - - - - - - - - 
[O]
OHC - CHO - - - - - - - HOOC - COOH
Asetilen yuborilgan suvli probirkada eritmasidan rangsizlanmasligiga sabab asetilenning suvda erimasligidir. Asetilen ajralib chikishi tuhtasa probirkaga suv yoki karbid soling.