O’zbekiston respublikasi o’rta va maxsus ta’lim vazirligi o’zbekiston davlat jahon tillari universiteti

The Classification of the English Consonant

Phonemes

A consonant is a sound in the production of which an obstruction is formed in the mouth cavity by the active organs of speech. Consonants are usually classified according to the following principles:

1. 
   According to the marmer of production of noise and according to the type of obstruction.
   
2. 
   According to the active organs of speech and according to the place of obstruction.
   
3. 
   According to the work of the vocal cords.
   
4. 
   According to the position of the soft palate.
   

1. 
   According to the manner of production of noise the type of obstruction the consonants are divided into the following groups:
   

1. 
   Occlusive (shovqinli - portlovchilar; шумно - взрывные) [ k, g, p, b, t, d ]
   
2. 
   Constrictive (shovqinli - sirg’aluvchilar; фрикативные) [ s, z, f, v, ɵ, _ᶞ, _ᶾ ]
   
3. 
   Occlusive - constrictive or affricates ( portlovchi - sirg’aluvchilar yoki qorishiqlar; смешанные) [ l, r, w, m, n, t ]
   

The sounds produced with the air - passage in the mouth blocked are called occlusive consonants. Occlusive consonants may be:

1.