Self study 2 content

Task 1. Explain the meaning of most common IT terms
Java (Indonesian: Jawa, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈdʒawa]; Javanese: ꦗꦮ; Sundanese: ) is one of

the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Seato the north. With a population of 147.7 million people, Java is the world's most populous island, constituting approximately 55% of the Indonesian population.[1]

Indonesia's capital city, Jakarta, is on Java's northwestern coast. Much of the well-known parts of Indonesian history took place on Java. It was the centre of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires, the Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies. Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s. Java dominates Indonesia politically, economically and culturally. Four of Indonesia's eight UNESCO world heritage sites are located in Java: Ujung Kulon National Park, Borobudur Temple, Prambanan Temple, and Sangiran Early Man Site.

Formed by volcanic eruptions due to geologic subduction of the Australian Plate under the Sunda Plate,Java is the 13th largest island in the world and the fifth largest in Indonesia by landmass at about 138,800 square kilometres (53,600 sq mi). A chain of volcanic mountains is the east–west spine of the island.

Four main languages are spoken on the island: Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, and Betawi. Javanese and Sundanese are the most spoken.[2] The ethnic groups native to the island are the Javanese in the central and eastern parts, Sundanese in the western

parts, Bantenese in Banten, and Ciribonese in the city of Ciribon. The Madurese in the Eastern salient of Javaare migrants from Madura Island, while the Betawi in the capital city of Jakarta are hybrids from various ethnic groups in Indonesia. Most residents are bilingual,

speaking Indonesian (the official language of Indonesia) as their first or second language. While the majority of the people of Java are Muslim, Java's population comprises people of diverse religious beliefs, ethnicities, and cultures.[3]

Java is divided into four administrative provinces: Banten, West Java, Central Java, and East Java, and two special regions, Jakarta and Yogyakarta.

Backup


This article is about duplicate data in computer systems for data recovery. For other uses, see Backup (disambiguation).

In information technology, a backup, or data backup is a copy of computer data taken and stored

elsewhere so that it may be used to restore the original after a data loss event. The verb form,
referring to the process of doing so, is "back up", whereas the noun and adjective form is
"backup".[1] Backups can be used to recover data after its loss from data deletion or corruption, or to
recover data from an earlier time.[2] Backups provide a simple form of disaster recovery; however not
all backup systems are able to reconstitute a computer system or other complex configuration such
as a computer cluster, active directory server, or database server.[3]

A backup system contains at least one copy of all data considered worth saving. The data storage requirements can be large. An information repository model may be used to provide structure to this storage. There are different types of data storage devices used for copying backups of data that is already in secondary storage onto archive files.[note 1][4] There are also different ways these devices can be arranged to provide geographic dispersion, data security, and portability.

Data is selected, extracted, and manipulated for storage. The process can include methods for dealing with live data, including open files, as well as compression, encryption, and deduplication. Additional techniques apply to enterprise client-server backup. Backup schemes may include dry runsthat validate the reliability of the data being backed up. There are limitations[5] and human factors involved in any backup scheme.

10. PROJECT MANAGEMENT