The prague phological school

THE PRAGUE PHOLOGICAL SCHOOL

CONTENTS:

• INTRODUCTION
• CHAPTER I. Prague Linguistic Circle
• 1.1. The Phoneme Theory
• 1.2. Functional linguistics: The Prague School
• CHAPTER II. PRACTICAL PART. EXERCISES AND PHONETIC ANALYSIS OF THE WORDS
• 2.1. Phonetic analysis of the words from the literary work I have read. Indicate the author and his work and pages (8 words):
• 1) One syllabic word; (2 words)
• 2) Two syllabic word; (2 words)
• 3) Three or more syllabic word; (2 words)
• 4) Compound word; ( 2 words)
• 2.2. Phonological analysis of words (the same words given in 2.1.):
• - Give transcription of the word;
• - Mark the stress;
• - Divide into syllables;
• - Define Vowel and consonant numbers;
• - Characteristics of the vowels (front, front retracted and back, narrow or short, monophthong or diphthong, long or short);
• - Characteristics of consonants (labial, bilabial, dental, plosive, fricative etc.)
• - Define the name and type of Reduction
• CONCLUSION
• BIBLIOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION

• The Prague School practiced a special style of synchronic linguistics, and although most of the scholars whom one thinks of as members of the school worked in Prague or at least in Czechoslovakia, the term is used also to cover certain scholars elsewhere who consciously adhered to Prague style.
• The hallmark of Prague linguistics was that it saw language n terms of function. The members of The Prague School thought of language as a whole as serving a purpose, which is a truism that would hardly differentiated them from others, but that they analyzed a given language with a view to showing the respective functions played by the various structural components in the use of the entire language. This differentiated the Prague School sharply from their contemporaries, the American Descriptivists.

The Prague linguistic circle included the Russian émigrés Roman Jakobson, Nikolai Trubetzkoy, and Sergei Karcevskiy, as well as the famous Czech literary scholars René Wellek and Jan Mukařovský. The instigator of the circle, and its first president until his death in 1945, was the Czech linguist Vilém Mathesius.

• The Prague linguistic circle included the Russian émigrés Roman Jakobson, Nikolai Trubetzkoy, and Sergei Karcevskiy, as well as the famous Czech literary scholars René Wellek and Jan Mukařovský. The instigator of the circle, and its first president until his death in 1945, was the Czech linguist Vilém Mathesius.
• In 1929 the Circle promulgated its theses in a paper submitted to the First Congress of Slavists. "The programmatic 1929 Prague Theses, surely one of the most imposing linguistic edifices of the 20th century, incapsulated the functionalist credo." In the late 20th century, English translations of the Circle's seminal works were published by the Czech linguist Josef Vachek in several collections.