The verbals have tense and voice distinction

The Gerund and the Infinitive



After some verbs the use of either Gerund or Infinitive brings to some difference in meaning.
I’m afraid to open the door.
I’m afraid of opening the door.
I remember buying a lot of sweets once.
Remember to buy sweets.
He stopped smoking.
He stopped to smoke.
I don’t like interrupting people.
I don’t like to interrupt him.
Peter tried to drink his tea but it was hot.
Mother tried drinking tea but she didn’t like it, she prefered coffee.
The Gerund and the Participle
Difference between them
Participle: Gerund:

1. 
   No preposition expect “with” 1) preposition
   
2. 
   --- 2) subject
   
3. 
   --- 3) object
   
4. 
   Attribute (no preposition) 4) attribute ( preposition)
   
5. 
   Adv. mod. ( no preposition) 5) adv. mod ( preposition)
   

The Gerund & the Verbal noun.

Gerund Verbal noun

1. 
   Double nature nominal-verbal 1) only nominal character
   
2. 
   No article 2) article
   
3. 
   No plural 3) plural form
   
4. 
   Takes a subject 4) the object is preceded by “of”
   
5. 
   Modified by an adverb 5) modified by an adjective.
   

THE INFINITIVE



As other verbal the Infinitive has double nature nominal and verbal

1. 
   As a noun the Infinitive can be used:
   

1. 
   As the subject
   

To go on like this was dangerous.

2. 
   A predicative
   

My aim is to make the students to learn as much English as possible.

3. 
   An object
   

The boy liked to frighten people.

2. 
   As a verb the Infinitive has:
   

1. 
   A tense
   

1. 
   Indefinite Infinitive(simultaneous action)
   

I am glad to meet you.

2. 
   Continuous Infinitive ( the action in progress)
   

To be waiting for someone under the rain is the most unpleasant experience

3. 
   Perfect Infinitive ( prior action)
   

I meant to have helped you but failed0

4. 
   Perfect Continuous
   

It must be terrible to have been living with someone you don’t like for years.

2. 
   Voice
   

1. 
   Active
   

To entertain quests is his hobby.

2. 
   Passive
   

He likes to be entertained and thinks he is worth being entertained.
But There is no time to lose.
There is no time to be lose
There is noting to fear
There is no time to be feared of.
Active and Passive infinitives in the above examples don’t change the meaning.