Dental Caries definition and theories Tashkent state Dental Institute 212-b groupp Students: Ne'matjonov Javoxir Teacher: Esbosinova N. P



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II. MICROFLORA

  • Strep. mutans  early carious lesions of enamel
  • Lactobacilli  dentinal caries
  • Actinomyces  root caries

Role of microorganisms in dental caries

Role of microorganisms in dental caries

  • Prerequisite for dental caries initiation
  • A single type of microbe is capable of inducing dental caries
  • Ability to produce acid  prerequisite for caries induction
  • Streptococcus strains are capable of inducing caries
  • Organisms vary greatly in their ability to induce caries
  • Dental caries does not occur in a sterile mouth. (no mouth can ever be made sterile)

  • The conditions in the oral cavity are ideal for the growth of bacteria that metabolize sugar to acids.

  • The oral cavity is generally a warm place, at body temperature (37°C) encouraging the growth of bacteria.

Transmission of MS

  • Vertical transmission
  • Source is usually mother
  • Transmission may occur at birth, but MS reside in low numbers in reservoirs such as tonsils or dorsum of tongue

Role of dental plaque

Role of dental plaque

  • soft, non mineralized, bacterial deposit which forms on a teeth that are not adequately cleaned
  • Complex metabolically interconned highly organized bacteria/ ecosystem
  • Important component of dental plaque is acquired pellicle  just prior or concomitantly with bacterial colonization and may facilitate plaque formation
  • Microbial in dental plaque
  •  streptococci

     actinomycetes

     veillonella

  • Strep. mutans  chief etiological agent of dental caries

III. DIET

  • Increase in carbohydrate increase carious activity
  • Risk of caries is greater if the sugar is consumed in a form that will be retained on the surface of the teeth
  • Risk of sugar increasing caries activity if it is consumed between meals
  • Increasing caries activity varies widely between individuals
  • Upon withdrawal of the sugar rich foods the increased caries activity rapidly disappears
  • Carious lesion may continue to appear desperate to avoidance of refined sugar and maximum restriction on natural sugars dietary carbohydrates
  • High concentration sugar in solution and its prolonged retention on the tooth surface leads to increased caries activity
  • Clearance time of the sugar correlates closely with caries activity

THE CARIES PROCESS

  • Caries of enamel
  •  smooth surface caries

     pit and fissure caries

  • Caries of dentin
  • Caries of cementum

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