Ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic of uzbekistan state world languages university

Affix	Source Lg.	Composition
Examples
Adjective-forming suffixes
-ish	Native	N + -ish 'like an N'	bearish
		ADJ + -ish 'rather, somewhat'	yellowish, longish
-like	Native	N + like 'like an N'	child-like, squid-like
-y	Native	N + y	funny, happy, heavy
-al	Latin, French	N + al	burial, conical, cortical
-an
-ane
-ant, -ent	Latin, French	V + -ent, -ant	dependent, formant, lieutenant, tenant, supplicant <
-ar	Latin	N + ar	planar, lunar
-ate	Latin	N + ate	articulate (also v.)
-ary	Latin	root + ary	unitary, binary, solitary
-esque	French	V + esque	statuesque
-ic	Latin	N + ic	formic, terrific
-id	Latin	N + id	liquid, gelid, squalid
-ile	Latin	N + ile	senile, juvenile, penile
-ine	Latin	N + ine	feline, canine, porcine, asinine
-it
-ite
-ive	Latin	V + ive	active, furtive
-oid	Greek	N + oid	ovoid, rhomboid,
-ose	Latin	N + ose	adipose
-ory	Latin	V + ory	dormitory, refectory
-ous	Latin, often via French	ADJ + (i) + ous	generous
Verb-forming suffixes
-en	Native	V + en	redden, whiten, blacken
-ate	Latin	Verb stem + ate	aerate, create, incinerate
-ize	Greek	N or ADJ + ize	empathize, cannibalize, metabolize
-ify	French (from Latin)	N, V ADJ + ify	deify, terrify, amplify
Noun-forming suffixes
-yx (rare morpheme)	Greek	root + yx	calyx, apteryx
-ion	Latin	N + (other stem material) + ion	compression, deviation
-y	Latin, French	verb stem + y	inquiry
Negative prefixes
un-	Native	un-ADJ	untrue, uncaring
a/an-	Greek	a-/an- + ROOT	anaerobic, atheist, anemic
dis-	Latin	dis + ROOT	disbelief, disinter, dislocate
in-/im-/ir-/il-	Latin	in + ROOT	indivisible, inimitable, inconsequential, immobile, illegible
non-	Latin	non + ROOT	non-academic, nonbinding, nonentity
anti-	Latin	anti + ROOT 'against (root)'	anti-defamation, anti-government

Chapter III : Morphological and Syntactical analysis
Morphological and syntactical analysis of 2 sentences
Make up 2 sentences and analyse them turn by turn according to the following instruction:

1. 
   Find the subject and a predicate in the sentence and define the usage of grammatical categories in them.
   

Subject is expressed by …… (what parts of speech)
It is singular /plural
What way of formation of number and case category?
Predicate is expressed by…….…… (what parts of speech)
What grammatical categories are used in the verb
What way of formation (analytical, synthetic, mixed)
Define the types of grammatical morphemes used in the subject and predicate of the sentence.

2. 
   What parts of speech are used in the sentence?
   
3. 
   Syntactical analysis of a sentence
   

a). Structural type of a sentence
b). semantic type of a sentence
c). What types of syntagmatic relations are used in the sentence (Subordination, Predication, Coordination)
d) Find the syntactical parts of a sentence and define their subtypes subject, predicate, object, attribute, adverbial modifire)

Sarah cleaned the house yesterday

1. 
   Sarah is s subject
   

Cleaned is a verb. (Predicate)
In the subject Sarah is a noun-proper noun, singular, nominative case.
The category of number is singular.
Sarah-is zero morpheme, because there is no unit to express its singularity.
Cleaned-is a notional verb, in the past indefinite, tense active voice, indicative mood.
The bound grammatical morpheme -ed is used, it is synthetically way of formation, according to number correlation, there is both meaning and form -overt morpheme.
II. Sarah cleaned the house yesterday
Sarah- noun, cleaned- verb, house-noun , yesterday-adverb
III. Syntactical analysis
a) It is simple extended sentence, because there are other parts of sentences except subject and predicate.
b) semantically it is declarative, affirmative sentence
c) Sarah cleaned -predication
cleaned the house – subordination
cleaned yesterday-subordination
d) Sarah is a simple subject
cleaned is a simple predicate
the house is a direct object
yesterday is an adverbial modified of time.

2. My little daughter loves to play with her dolls.
I. Daughter is a subject
Loves is a verb (predicate)
In the subject daughter is a noun-proper noun, singular, nominative case.
The category of number is singular.
Loves- is a notional verb, in the present simple tense, tense active voice, indicative mood.
The bound grammatical morpheme –s is used, and it becomes from inflectional affixes.
II. My little daughter loves to play with her dolls.
Daughter- noun, loves- verb in present simple, little- qualitative adjective, with her dolls- object.
III. Syntactical analysis
a. It is simple extended sentence, because there are other parts of sentences except subject and predicate.
b. Semantically it is declarative, affirmative sentence.
c. Daughter loves – predication
Play with her dolls – subordination
d. Daughter is a simple subject
Loves is a simple predicate
To play – is a verb
With her dolls is modified object.

Conclusion
During the process of writing this term paper, it was found that English has only a few inflections, which greatly simplifies the morphological structure of grammatical category. Also another important fact is that due to the complete material coincidence of the word root with the stem, most English words are monosyllabic. Along with most single-syllable words, there are compound and derivative words, conversion and shortenings as the other major types of word formation, the main part of which is designated by the principle of belonging to parts of speech. And although the addition of a word-forming affix complicates the structure of a word, it nevertheless retains its relative simplicity. A study of the grammatical structure of words on the example of classical English-language literature contributed to the conclusion that short morphological forms of words dominate in English. The fact is that although English is part of the Germanic group, it contains many borrowings from the Romance group. Therefore, it is the words of Romance origin that are polysyllabic and long. The shortening of syllables in morphological word forms is caused by two reasons: - borrowing the Germanic stress from foreign words, as a result of which the initial syllables in the morphological structure were omitted. For example, the French word avant-guarde was transformed into the word vanguard. This phenomenon is also typical for syllables located in the middle or at the end of a word, not only for initial syllables. –Suppletion, which was caused by the transformation of synthetic English into modern analytical English. Perhaps the best example is the Old English word “habaidedeima”, transformed over time into “had”.
Chapter 1 mainly covers the topic given in the plan and its named as " The morphological structure of the English language " is dedicated to the study theoretical points of the problem. The Chapter investigates the definition of morphological typology of the English Language and Morphemic structure of Languages.
The Chapter 2 investigates questions such as definition of morphemes, lexical and grammatical types, classification of grammatical morphemes. there is given short information about morphemes and examples with the analysis for each item that is given in Chapter 1.
Grammatical morphemes are those bits of linguistic sound which mark the grammatical categories of language (Tense, Number, Gender, Aspect), each of which has one or more functions (Past, Present, Future are functions of Tense; Singular and Plural are functions of Number).
As a conclusion, we can mention that, while analyzing the sentence we used following methods of grammatical analysis. They are componential analysis and contextual analysis..

Reference list
1.Исмаилов 1980 «English theoretical grammar»
2.Кузнецов П.С. « Морфологическая классификация языков». 1954
3. Мирзиёев Ш. М. «Эркинвафаровон, демократик Ўзбекистон давлатини биргаликда барпо этамиз» Т.: Ўзбекистон, 2017 й
4. Тивьяева И.В.«Теоретической грамматике английского языка» 2007
5 . Bauer, Laurie 2001. Morphological productivity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6 Bernard Comrie «The World's Major Languages» 1987
7. Ginzburg-Lexicology 1979
8. Iriskulov M.T. “English theoretical grammar”.,-” Tashkent 2012
9. Jespersen O. English Grammar on Historical Principles 2006
10. Karimov I.A. Presidential Decree No 1875-, Toshkent, December 10, 2012.
11. Karimov I.A. “Yuksak ma’naviyat – yengilmas kuch”-, Toshkent: Ma’naviyat, 2008, P.34
12. Liudmyla Chumak THE MORPHOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY OF THE AFFIXES IN MODERN ENGLISH 2013
13. Maksumov A.G. «English Grammar: Theory and Usage»
14. Newmeyer. 2005. Possible and probable languages: A generative perspective on linguistic typology.
15 . Plag I., Dalton-Puffer C., Baayen R.H. (1999). Productivity and register.
16. Roe, Betty D., Barbara D. Stoodt, and Paul C. Burns. Secondary School Reading Instruction: The Content Areas. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1987. –
17 Sapir, E. Language: An Introduction to the Study of Speech. (1921)

.
Used internet sources and dictionaries

18. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morpheme
19. https://archiv.elearning.fpf.slu.cz/pluginfile.php 17.
20. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytic_language
21.Collins Dictionary,
22.Cambridge Online Dictionary,
23. Macmillan Online Dictionary.

1^ Karimov I.A. Presidential Decree No 1875-, Toshkent, December 10, 2012.

2^ Karimov I.A. “Yuksak ma’naviyat – yengilmas kuch”-, Toshkent: Ma’naviyat, 2008,P.34

3^ Мирзиёев Ш. М. «Эркинвафаровон, демократик Ўзбекистон давлатини биргаликда барпоэтамиз» Т.: Ўзбекистон, 2017 й

4^ Newmeyer, 2005  Possible and probable languages: A generative perspective on linguistic typology.

5^ Maksumov A.G. «English Grammar: Theory and Usage»

6^ Исмаилов 1980 English theoretical grammar

7^ The schollars’ opinions were collected in the book by Iriskulov”English theoretical grammar”Tashkent 2012

8^ Bernard Comrie «The World's Major Languages» 1987

9^ Кузнецов П.С « Морфологическая классификаия языков». 1954

10^ Sapir, E. Language: An Introduction to the Study of Speech. (1921).

11^ Тивьяева И. В. «Теоретической грамматике английского языка» 2007

12^ Liudmyla Chumak THE MORPHOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY OF THE AFFIXES IN MODERN
ENGLISH 2013

13^ Bauer, Laurie 2001. Morphological productivity. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.

14^ Roe, Betty D., Barbara D. Stoodt, and Paul C. Burns. Secondary School Reading
Instruction: The Content Areas. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1987. –

15^ Plag I., Dalton-Puffer C., Baayen R.H. (1999). Productivity and register.

16^ Jespersen O. English Grammar on Historical Principles 2006

17^ Ginzburg-Lexicology 1979