Strategic Information Management Challenges and strategies in managing information systems Third edition

522

Sobkowich, R., 52, 63

Sobol, M., 593, 606

Soden, J.V., 232

Soh, C., 128, 144

Somogyi, E.K., 63, 500, 524

Souder, W.E., 478, 494

Spearing, L., 178, 304

Spitalnic, R., 493

Sprague, R.H., 13, 22, 465, 494, 501, 524

Sproull, L., 464, 468, 469, 484, 494, 548, 553

Stalk, G., Jr., 439, 458

Stalker, G.M., 315, 343, 436, 454

Stallings, W., 111

Stanton, M.A., 134, 143

Stata, R., 442, 458

Stein, B.A., 30, 143

Steinfield, C., 374, 461, 491, 494

Steward, K., 451, 457

Stewart, R., 500, 524

Stewart, T., 584, 586

Stigler, G.J., 374

Stoddard, D.B., 373, 374

Stonich, P.J., 439, 456

Strassman, P.A., 115, 122, 133, 144, 246, 248–9,

258, 461, 463, 470, 494, 589, 592, 593, 602,

607

Strauss, A., 207, 208

Subramani, M., 143, 266, 268, 269, 270, 306

Sullivan, C.H., 63, 207, 210, 233

Sullivan-Trainor, M., 607

Susman, G.I., 436, 455

Sutherland, A.R., 43, 57, 62, 63, 313, 343

Svenning, L., 469, 494

Sviokla, J.J., 263, 264, 279, 306

Synott, W.R., 181, 188, 210

Takeuchi, H., 579, 580, 586

Tallon, P., 266, 306

Tamuz, M., 548, 553

Targett, D., 257, 421, 606

Tavakolian, H., 315, 345, 424, 426

Taylor, F.W., 429, 458

Taylor, P., 595, 607

Taylor-Cummings, A., 267, 306

Teng, T.C., 343, 425

Tesch, R., 322, 345

Theeuwes, J.A.M., 71, 72, 73, 86

Th´eorˆet, A, 492

Thompson, J.D., 312, 345

Thompson, V., 430, 458

Thorelli, H.B., 374

Thyfault, M.E., 503, 524

---

616

Author index

Tigre, P.B., 178

Ting-Toomey, 515, 521–2

Todd, P.A., 136, 145, 502, 524

Tofler, A., 14, 22

Toyne, B., 178

Tracey, P.K., 489

Trainor, H.E., 86, 258

Trauth, E.M., 136, 143, 145

Treacy, M., 555, 587

Trevino, L.K., 465, 469, 494

Tully, C.J., 30

Turban, E., 25, 26

Turkle, S., 532, 553

Turoff, M., 75, 87, 468, 477, 482, 491

Tushman, M.L., 312, 316, 337, 344, 345, 488, 492,

546, 553

Tversky, A., 492

Ulrich, W.A., 233, 345

Ungson, G.R., 529, 549, 553

Useem, M., 424, 425, 442, 456

Vacca, J.R., 233

Van de Ven, A.H., 312, 313, 321, 345–6

van der Poel, K.G., 84, 86

van der Zijden, F.A.P., 86

van Heck, E., 373

Van Maanen, J., 534, 553

Vandenbosch, B., 502, 519, 524

Venkatachalam, A.R., 179

Venkatraman, N., 65, 67, 71, 84, 85, 182, 207, 208,

266, 276, 304, 312, 315, 344, 435, 458

Vidal, F., 503, 524

Virany, B., 546, 553

Vitale, M., 110, 232, 272, 306

von Simson, E.M., 136, 145

Voss, C.A., 422

Vroom, V.H., 473, 494

Waema, T., 65, 69, 83, 84, 87

Walleck, A.S., 62

Walsh, J.P., 529, 549, 553

Walsham, G., 65, 69, 83, 84, 87, 148, 149, 424,

426

Walton, R., 120, 129, 145, 241, 258

Wang, P., 159, 179

Warbelow, A., 110, 111, 374

Ward, B.K., 149

Ward, J., 28, 31, 63, 66, 87, 147, 149, 447, 453,

458

Warkentin, M.E., 304, 343

Waterman, D.A., 480, 494

Waterman, R.H., 431, 444, 457

Watson, H.J., 465, 494, 498, 522

Watson, R., 152, 153, 179, 586

Weber, B., 373

Weber, M., 429, 458

Webster, J., 142

Weick, K.E., 469, 484, 494, 528, 530, 551, 553

Weill, P., 267, 303, 315, 342

Weir, M., 129, 144

Welbank, M., 479, 495

Welch, M., 14, 22

West, M., 523

Wetherbe, J.C., 26, 177, 178, 179, 206, 207, 208,

209, 233, 303, 305

Whang, S., 348, 373

Wheelwright, S.C., 455

Whinston, A., 582, 586

Whisler, T., 463, 495, 500, 524

Whitcomb, D.K., 373

White, R.E., 439, 457

Whitmore, P., 63, 87, 458

Whittington, R., 29, 31

Wiersema, F., 555, 587

Wigand, A., 263

Wilensky, H.L., 467, 481, 495

Willcocks, L., 28, 30, 31, 149, 240, 241, 246, 249,

255, 258, 589, 590, 592, 593, 595, 597, 599,

600, 603, 607–8

Williams, A.W., 374

Williams, F., 461, 495

Williams, G., 14, 22

Williamson, O., 371, 374

Wilson, T., 240, 258

Wilson, T.D., 70, 87

Winograd, T., 531, 553

Winslow, C., 143

Wiseman, C., 232, 233, 345

Witte, E., 471, 495

Wittgenstein, L., 531, 553

Woolgar, S., 532, 552, 553

Wybo, M.D., 208

Yates, J., 2, 111, 348, 374

Yetton, P.W., 267, 306, 473, 494

Yin, R.K., 279, 281, 306, 319, 321, 346, 422

Young, D., 375

Yourdan, E., 498, 524

Zachman, J.A., 72, 87

Zahra, S.A., 304, 343

Zammuto, R., 112

Zani, W.M., 206, 210

Zechmeister, E.B., 422

Zigli, R.M., 179

Zmud, R.W., 28, 30, 182, 204, 207, 266, 267, 271,

303, 305, 306, 313, 342, 345, 346, 465, 487,

495

Zuboff, S., 2, 442, 452, 458, 463, 465, 481, 495,

544, 550, 553

Zupancic, J., 173, 178

Zviran, M., 266, 306

---

Subject index

Advertising, Internet, 387

Airline reservation systems, 97–8

Alignment, xii, 65–7, 241–2, 261–3, 265–303, 312,

446

dynamics of, 311–14, 318–41

case studies, 322–36

evolutionary change, 319, 336, 339–40

post-revolutionary change, 319, 338–9

punctuated equilibrium model, 312, 318–19,

336–41

redesign, 336–8

revolutionary change, 319, 337–8, 339, 340,

341

global firms, 107–8

goal alignment, 162

influencing factors, 265–6, 268–72, 282–95

communication between business and IT

executives, 269,  270–1, 275–6, 301,

302

connections between business and IT planning,

269, 271,  276–7, 297–300

IT implementation success, 269, 272, 278

shared domain knowledge, 269, 271–2, 277–8,

301

intellectual dimension of, 267

IS organization alignment, 158

IT evaluation and, 597

long-term, 273–5, 281, 291–5, 296–7

measurement of, 275–8, 297–300, 307–10

model, 66–7, 84

recommendations for practitioners, 301–3

short-term, 273–5, 281–91, 296–7

social dimension of, 267–8, 269, 273

theoretical patterns of, 316–18

Alliances, 433–4

Allied Dunbar, 249

Amadeus Coalition, 97

Amazon.com, 378

American Airlines, 158

American Hospital Supply Co., 158

American Meat Exchange (AME), 364, 368

Andersen Consulting, 220

AOL, 398

Applications architecture, 73

Architectures:

client–server architecture, 23

data architecture, 105–6

information architecture, 156, 217

information systems architecture (ISA), 104

Internet architecture, 392

network architecture, 104–5

organizational architecture, 73

systems (applications) architecture, 73

technical architecture, 73

Artificial intelligence (AI), 18

Asda Superstores, 433

Asea Brown Boveri (ABB), 436

AUCNET for used-car trading, Japan, 349, 359–61,

365, 366, 368, 369, 370

Auction Bidding System (ABS), 351

Auction markets, 349

Information Auctioning, 361–3, 364–5, 366, 367,

368–9

Internet auctions, 382

Slide Auctions, 369

Video Auctioning, 369

Australia:

key MIS issues, 155

livestock trading, 356–9

Australian Meat and Livestock Corporation

(AMLC), 357, 359, 366, 367

Authority for Uniform Specification of Meat and

Livestock (AUS-MEAT), 366

Automobile retailing, See Car industry

Banking industry, 104–5

Barnes & Noble, 400

Benchmarking, 602–3

Bloemenveiling Aalsmeer (VBA), 361–3, 366, 367

Boeing, 443

Brands, Internet, 385

Brazil, 164

British Aerospace (BAe), 436

British Petroleum (BP), 95

BT, 439, 450

Bubble-Up solution management technology, 566,

567, 570

Business environment, See Environment

Business Information Analysis and Integration

Technique, 221

Business Information Characterization Study, 221

Business network redesign (BNR), 435

Business process redesign (BPR), 351–2, 355, 368,

440–2, 583, 592

See also Market process reengineering (MPR)

Business strategy, 65, 107–8, 315, 427

IS strategy alignment, See Alignment

---

618

Subject index

Business structure, See Organizational structure

Business systems planning (BSP), 72, 218, 219

Business transformation planning, 449–51

Business vision, 445, 448–9

Buy.com, 382–3

CALM (Computer Aided Livestock Marketing),

Australia, 349, 356–9, 365, 366, 367, 369

Canadian life insurance companies, 268, 272–3,

282–95, 300

Car industry:

Internet and, 382

used-car trading, Japan, 359–61, 365, 366, 368,

369, 370

CASE (computer-aided software engineering)

technology, 158, 159, 194

Castrol, UK, 93

CATS (Computer Assisted Trading System) meat

trading system, USA, 349, 363–4, 365, 366,

368, 369

Centralization of decision making, 473–5, 500

Centralized organizational structure, 94–5, 315,

500–1

Change agentry, 113–41

advocate model, 130–5

consequences, 132–3

obstacles to advocate role, 135

structural conditions, 133–4

definitions of, 115–18

facilitator model, 125–30, 134

consequences, 127–9

structural conditions, 129–30

implications, 134–6

research agenda, 136–41

changes in practice, 140–1

educational reform, 137–40

traditional IS change-agent model, 118–25,

134

change inhibition, 120–2

consequences, 119–23

structural conditions, 124–5

Change management, 114–15, 446, 451–3

business transformation planning, 449–51

credibility and, 115, 122–3

human resource initiatives, 451–3

organizational redesign, 451

See also Change agentry

Channel conflict, 393

Charles Schwab, 399, 402

Citibank, 402

Client–server architecture, 23

Coalitions, 97–8

COBOL, 5, 220

CODASYL, 10

Collaborations, 433–4

equity collaborations, 97

non-equity collaborations, 97

Collectivism, 514–16

Communication, 275

between business and IT executives, 269,

270–1, 301, 302

measurement of, 275–6

between IS department and end users, 161–2

learning and, 505

Communication technologies, 460–1

See also Computer-assisted communication

technologies; Information technology (IT);

Telecommunications

Company Acts, 429

Compass, 602

Competitive advantage, 158, 162, 252–3

Internet and, 377, 388–91

operational effectiveness, 389

strategic positioning, 389–91

sustainable, 380

Complements, 385–6

Computer industry, 433–4

Computer-assisted communication technologies,

461, 462

effects of, 468–84

at organizational level, 474–8

at subunit level, 468–73

on decision making, 483–4

on organizational intelligence, 482–3

on organizational memory, 479–80

Computer-assisted decision-aiding technologies,

461, 462, 470–1

effects of, 470–84

at organizational level, 474–8

at subunit level, 470–3

on decision making, 483–4

on organizational memory, 479–80

Computers, 3

history of, 4–7

micro computers, 14

mini computers, 7

obsolescence of equipment in underdeveloped

nations, 170–1

operating systems, 5–6

programming, 5–6, 8–9, 11, 18, 220

See also Information technology

Contextualism, 69–70

Contingency theory, 313, 430–1

Coordinated federation organizational structure,

95–6, 97

Coordination, global firms, 90, 103

control strategy, 93, 98–100

Corning, 433

Corporate databases, 11–12, 106–7

Corporate strategy, 65, 430, 449–50

Cost-benefit analysis, 251–2, 410–13, 415

Credibility, 115

change management and, 115, 122–3

Critical success factor (CSF) analysis, 220, 221,

246

organizational form, 445, 448, 449

Culture, 175, 510, 511

barriers to IT, 168–9

See also Organizational culture

Customer relationship management (CRM), 394

Customer Resource Life Cycle, 221

Customer support/service, 555–7

case study, 559–78

evolution of for complex products, 557–9

problem resolution, 579–80

process redesign, 579–84

World Wide Web use, 581

CVS, 389

---

Subject index

619

Data, 9–10, 156–7

architecture, 105–6

management strategy, 105–7

Data communications, 23–4

Data processing (DP), 4–6, 34

Data security, 2, 168

Data warehouses, 582

Database management systems (DBMS), 10

Databases, 10–11, 105–6

corporate database, 11–12, 106–7

relational database, 11

Decentralized organizational structure, 92, 99, 315,

500–1

Decision making, 462, 483–4, 500, 501–3

advanced information technology effects, 483–4

authorization, 483–4

organizational levels involved, 475–6

centralization of, 473–5, 500

nodes in information-processing network, 476–8

participation in, 468–70

size and heterogeneity of decision units, 470–1

See also Computer-assisted decision-aiding

technologies

Decision support systems (DSS), 18, 52, 54, 57,

484, 501–3, 508, 509

Dell Computers, 434

Developing nations, 164–9, 174

Digital Equipment Corporation, 484

Digital marketplaces, 387–8

See also Electronic markets

Distance learning, 380

Division of labour, 430

Dot.com companies, 379, 386, 401

strategic imperatives, 398–9

Dow Chemicals, 433

Dutch flower industry, 361–3

Dynamic networks, 432, 434

E*Trade, 398, 402

EBay, 382

ECollege, 402

Economic value, 379–80

Internet and, 380

Education, See Training

Edward Jones, 399

Electronic commerce, 25, 348

See also Electronic markets

Electronic data interchange (EDI), 1, 24, 25, 102,

394, 435

Electronic mail (e-mail), 19, 25

Electronic markets, 347–8, 350–1

adoption case studies, 356–64

barriers to adoption, 355–6, 364–8

electronic product description, 365–6

resistance to change, 367–8

thin market, 367

digital marketplaces, 387–8

increased transaction effectiveness and efficiency,

353–5

See also Market process reengineering (MPR)

End-user computing, 15

Ends/Means Analysis, 221

Energy audit:

automated, 536–7

manual, 535–6

Enterprise model, 156

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, 392,

394, 405

Environment, 423–5

global information systems and, 101–2, 104–5

globalization and, 91–100

information strategy, 70–1

regulatory environments, 101–2

scanning, 482–3

Equity collaborations, 97

Ericsson, 95

Ethics, 140–1

Europe, key MIS issues, 153–4, 155

Evaluation, of IT, See Information technology (IT)

Executive information systems (EIS), 54, 57, 450,

498, 501–3, 508–9, 518

implementation, 442, 503

Expert systems, 18, 580

Explicit knowledge, 504–5, 506

Exxon, 95

Feasibility evaluation, 246–8, 256, 597

Federal Communications Commission (FCC), 351,

371

Finnish paper industry, 98

First Direct, 449, 450

First mover myth, 383–6

Fleet, 402

Florist industry, Netherlands, 361–3

Ford, 435

Formalization, 480–1

FORTRAN, 5

Galileo Coalition, 97

Gap analysis, 445

Geico, 396

General Electric (GE), 95, 97, 396

General Motors (GM), 26, 433, 473

Global information management strategy, 89,

102–8

alignment with global business strategy, 107–8

data management strategy and architecture,

105–7

network management strategy and architecture,

104–5

Global information systems (GIS), 100–8

business environment and, 101, 104–5

infrastructure and, 101

regulatory environments, 101–2

standards, 102, 105

Transborder Data Flow (TBDF) regulations, 102

Global strategy, 92

alignment with GIS management strategy, 107–8

evolution of, 92–8

Globalization, 89–100, 108, 151–2, 428

business environment changes and, 91–100

coordination control strategy evolution,

98–100

global strategy/structure evolution, 92–8

Goal alignment, 162

Goals, 390

Government intervention, 172, 175–6

Grand Metropolitan, 448–9

---

620

Subject index

Group Decision Support System (GDSS), 502

Groupware, 449

HAM (Hog Auction Market), Singapore, 372

Hilton, 95

Holland, See Netherlands

Hong Kong, 174

key MIS issues, 159, 160

TradeLink, 101

Horizontal integration, 480

Horizontal organizations, 438–42

Human resources, 157, 166–7, 171–2

change management and, 451–3

See also Training

IBM, 9, 10

Image processing, 24–5

Implementation:

executive information systems (EIS), 442, 503

information technology, 114

alignment and, 269, 272, 278

failures, 114, 120

success, 269, 272, 278

See also Change agentry

knowledge management systems, 518–20

strategic information system planning, 218–21

concerns, 187, 214, 222–3, 225–7

India, key MIS issues, 165–9

Individualism, 514–16

Industrial revolution, 429

Industry structure, 380

Internet and, 380–3

IndustryNet, 350

Information architecture, 156, 217

Information auctioning for potted plant trading,

Netherlands, 349, 361–3, 364–5, 366, 367,

368–9

Information economics, 251–5

Information Engineering (IE), 220

Information management (IM), 2

strategy, 66

See also Global information management

strategy

Information Quality Analysis, 221

Information strategy, 64, 65, 83–4

case studies, 75–81

comparison with related research, 81–3

effects of, 73–4, 79, 81

measurement, 73–4

environment, 70–1, 76–7, 80

form and content, 72–3, 78–9, 81

literature on, 65–7

management support, 162

objectives, 72

process, 71–2, 77–8, 81

quality of input data, 167

research model, 67–76

research method, 74–5

See also IS strategy

Information systems (IS):

advances in, 499–509

architecture (ISA), 104

competitive advantage and, 158, 162

development, 453

geographic variation, 152–3

history of, 3–11

human resources, 157

investment in, 594–5

life-cycle view of, 15–16

maintenance, 16, 17

new roles for, 19–20

organization alignment, 158

organizational learning and, 526–8, 549–5

case study, 534–45

planning, xii, 147–9

strategic planning, 157, 162

productivity, 172

specification problems, 16

strategy and, 241–6

structure, 315

system development, 15–18

object-oriented concept, 22

quality management, 17

user friendly systems, 17

system friendliness, 164, 167

See also Executive information systems; Global

information 

systems (GIS); Information technology (IT); IS

management; IS strategy; Management

information systems (MIS); Systems

Information technology (IT), 1–2

advanced information technologies, 460, 461,

463

conceptual theory, 484–6

effects at organizational level, 473–8

effects at subunit level, 468–73

effects on decision making, 483–4

effects on organizational intelligence, 481–3

effects on organizational memory, 478–80

effects on other design variables, 480–1

mistaken impressions, 465–7

nature of, 464–5

competitive advantage and, 158, 162

cultural barriers, 168–9

developments, 22–6, 453

evaluation, 240, 242–56, 589–91, 594–605

feasibility, 246–8, 256, 597

information economics approach, 251–5

learning cycle, 255

matching objectives, projects and techniques,

249–51

return on management (ROM), 248–9

sourcing options, 602–5

strategic grid, 242–3

systems lifecycle approach, 596–605

value chain analysis, 244

global firms, 90, 100, 152

history of, 4–7, 14–15

implementation, 114

alignment and, 269, 272, 278

failures, 114, 120, 588–9

success, 269, 272, 278

See also Change agentry

infrastructure, 157–8, 163

investment, 239–41, 249–51, 256–7, 588–9,

594–5

evaluation, 589–91, 602–5

mapping, 244–5

---

Subject index

621

management, 152, 266, 404–6

case study, 406–17

technology management factors, 418

maturity, See ‘Stages of growth’ models

mixed vendor shops, 171

opportunities, 70–1

organizational form and, 428

post-implementation reviews, 302, 602

productivity paradox, 591–4

resources, 71

routine work computerization, 163

strategic planning, 157

strategy, 66, 84, 448

alignment, 241–2, 265–303

vision, 300

See also Information systems

Infrastructure:

global information systems and, 101

investments, 250

technology, 157–8, 163

Innovation:

inside-out innovation, 246

valuation, 252

Input–process–output (IPO) model, 67–9

Insourcing, 605

Insurance industry:

Canada, 268, 272–3, 282–95, 300

Netherlands, 75–81

Integrated digital network (IDN), 102

Integrated network organizational structure, 96, 99

Integrated systems digital network (ISDN), 23–4,

102

Intelligent knowledge-based systems (IKBS), 18

Inter-organizational systems (IOS), 435

Internal networks, 432

International strategy, 95–6

Internet, 25–6, 350, 376–402

absence of strategy, 391–2

advertising, 387

architecture, 392

as a complement, 392–400

auctions, 382

brands, 385

competitive advantage and, 388–91

operational effectiveness, 389

strategic positioning, 389–91

distorted market signals, 377–9

first mover myth, 383–6

future of Internet competition, 386–8

industry structure and, 380–3

partnering, 385–6

strategic imperatives, 398–9

value chain and, 394–5

Internet Mall, 350

Internet Shopping Network, 350

Interorganizational design, 97–8, 99

Intranets, 503–4

Investment:

information systems, 594–5

information technology, 239–41, 249–51, 256–7,

588–9, 594–5

evaluation, 589–91, 602–5

mapping, 244–5

infrastructure, 250

IS, See Information systems

IS management, 404

profile, 311, 314–18

dimensions of, 315–16

strategic, 313–18

contingency perspective, 313

life-cycle theories, 313

punctuated equilibrium model, 313–14

universalistic theories, 313

IS strategy, xi, 19, 27–9, 64–84, 316, 448, 450–1

business strategy alignment, See Alignment

multiple methodology, 245–6

See also Information strategy; ‘Stages of growth’

models

IT, See Information technology

ITT, 92, 97

Japan:

financial-industrial groups, 434

used-car trading, 359–61, 365, 366, 368, 369, 370

Japanese companies, 94

Japanese Used Car Dealer Association (JUCDA),

368, 370

Johari Window, 506

Joint application development (JAD), 126

Juniper, 398

Just-in-time (JIT), 439

KAO, 94, 97

Kenya, key MIS issues, 169–73

Knowledge, 504, 526

business knowledge, 277, 278

changing objects of, 539–40

creation, 505, 580

customer support and, 579–84

criteria, 532–4, 540–1

explicit, 504–5, 506

IT knowledge, 277

knowledge processes, 528–30, 531

application, 529, 545

construction, 528–9, 542

distribution, 529, 544

organization, 529, 542–3

storage, 529, 543–4

management, 497

See also Knowledge management systems

(KMS)

organizational knowledge systems, 526–31

shared domain knowledge, 269, 271–2, 301

measurement of, 277–8

social epistemology, 531–4

changing epistemic communities, 539

tacit, 504–5, 506–7

Knowledge management systems (KMS), 504, 508,

509

implementation, 518–20

organizational culture and, 503–7, 510–18

behavioral perspective, 512–14

individual cultures, 514–16

value view, 511–12

Landmark Study (1990), 241

Land’s End, 396

---

622

Subject index

Leadership issues, 223–4

Learning organizations, See Organizational learning

Legacy systems, 602

Life-cycle approach, 15–16, 313

IT evaluation, 595–605

Livestock trading, Australia, 356–9

Local area networks (LANS), 23

London Stock Exchange, 370–1

Taurus system, 589

Machine lubricant industry, 93

Maintenance:

information systems, 16, 17

software, 168

Management information systems (MIS), 11–14,

152, 498, 508, 509

appreciation of MIS contribution, 165–6

educating senior managers about, 167

human resources, 166–7, 171–2

key issues, 153–76

advanced nations, 153–9, 174

developing nations, 164–9, 174

model of country specific issues, 173–6

newly industrialized nations, 159–64, 174–5

underdeveloped nations, 169–73

organizational structure and, 500–1

quality of input data, 167

standards, 172

training, 167

Management science (MS), 5

Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRPII)

information system, 404–18

case study, 406–17

bespoke system development, 414–17

cost/benefit analysis, 410–13, 415

Marine engine lubricant industry, 94–5

Market process reengineering (MPR), 347, 349,

351–6

decoupling product flow from market

transactions, 351–3

management implications, 368–70

preparation for resistance and retaliation,

369–70

quick achievement of critical mass, 369

standard product quality rating and inspection,

368–9

research framework, 353–6

barriers to electronic market adoptions, 355–6,

364–8

increased transaction effectiveness and

efficiency, 353–5

Market transactions, 353–5

Market-making firms, 348, 349–50

business process redesign, 352

electronic market systems for, 350–1

See also Electronic markets

Marriott, 95

Matrix management, 444

Matsushita, 94

Measurement:

alignment, 275–8, 297–300, 307–10

information strategy effects, 73–4

IT evaluation, See Information technology (IT)

Meat trading, USA, 363–4

Meetings, decision making and, 471–3

Memory search, 478

Merrill Lynch, 158, 249, 392

Method/1, 220

Micro computers, 14

Midland Bank, 449

Migration management, 446

See also Change management

Motorola, 452

Multimedia applications, 25

Multinational strategy, 92, 99

NASDAQ, 370–1

National Health Service (NHS), UK, 432–3

NEC, 94, 96

Netherlands:

insurance industry, 75–81

potted plant trading, 361–3

Network effects, 384–5

Networked group, 437–8

Networks, 23–4, 96, 99, 431–5, 437–8

architecture, 104–5

business network redesign (BNR), 435

data communications, 23–4

dynamic networks, 432, 434

electronic data interchange (EDI), 24

integrated digital network (IDN), 102

integrated systems digital network (ISDN), 23–4,

102

internal networks, 432

local area networks (LANS), 23

management strategy, 104–5

outsourcing, 434–5

stable networks, 432

strategic alliances, 433–4

value-added networks (VANs), 24

wide-area networks (WANS), 23

Newly industrialized countries (NIC), 159–64, 174–5

Nike, 434

Non-equity collaborations, 97

Normalization, 10

Object-oriented concept, 22

Objectives:

information strategy, 72

strategic information system planning, 184–5,

217

Office automation, 14–15

OnePage, 384

Operating systems, 5–6

Operational effectiveness, 388, 389

Operational research (OR), 5

Organizational architecture, 73

Organizational culture, 534

knowledge management systems and, 503–7,

510–18

behavioral perspective, 512–14

individual cultures, 514–16

value view, 511–12

See also Culture

Organizational design (OD):

change agentry and, 125–30

organizational redesign, 451

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Subject index

623

Organizational environment, See Environment

Organizational form, 427–8, 429, 431, 444–8, 449

horizontal organizations, 438–42

new perspectives, 431

See also Organizational structure

Organizational intelligence, 467

advanced information technology effects, 481–3

Organizational knowledge systems, 526–31

case study, 534–45

Organizational learning, 72, 157, 195, 442–3,

505–6

adaptive learning, 442, 580

customer support and, 580

generative learning, 442

information systems and, 526–8, 549–50

case study, 534–45

levels of, 547

locus of, 546–7

persistence of, 548–9

source of, 547–8

See also Knowledge

Organizational memory, 478–80

persistence of, 549

Organizational structure, 92–8, 315, 429–31

centralized, 94–5, 315, 500–1

coordinated federation, 95–6, 97

decentralized, 92, 99, 315, 500–1

interorganizational design, 97–8, 99

management information systems and, 500–1

networked group, 437–8

networks, 96, 99, 431–5

business network redesign (BNR), 435

outsourcing, 434–5

strategic alliances, 433–4

semistructure, 315

task focused teams, 435–7

Organizational vision, 445, 448–9

Organizations, 429

Outsourcing, 386, 432, 434–5

evaluation, 602–5

Packages, 15

Pakistan, 164–5

Paper industry, Finland, 98

Partnering, 385–6

PASCAL, 9

PayPal, 384

Pennzoil, 93

Personal Communications Service (PCS) licenses,

351

Personnel, See Human resources

Phillips, 92

Plain Cotton Cooperative Association (PCCA), 372

Planning:

business systems planning (BSP), 72, 218, 219

business transformation planning, 449–51

enterprise resource planning (ERP), 392, 394,

405

information systems, xii, 147–9

strategic planning, 157, 162

See also Strategic information system planning

(SISP)

Portfolio Management, 221

Post-implementation reviews, 302, 602

Potted plant trading, Netherlands, 361–3

Prescription drug business, 397

Price Waterhouse, 443

Priceline.com, 386–7

Prioritization, 597

Problem resolution, 579–80

Procter and Gamble, 89, 95, 96, 433

Production Planning and Control (PPC) system,

409–10, 413, 414

Productivity paradox, 591–4

Profitability, Internet impact on, 381–2

Programming, 5–6, 8–9, 11, 18, 220

languages, 5, 9

Project management, 7–8

PROplanner, 218–20

Punctuated equilibrium model, 312, 313–14,

318–19, 336–41

Quaker State, 93

Quality management:

in system development, 17

Information Quality Analysis, 221

input data, 167

Raychem Corp., 223–30

RDC, 602

Record industry, 393

Reebok, 434

Regulatory environments, 101–2

Relational databases, 11

Return on management (ROM), 248–9

Risk:

assessment, 247, 248

IS infrastructure, 253

organizational, 253, 254

Rule-based systems, 18

Russia, 165, 169, 175

‘Seven Ss’ concept, 42, 43, 57

Shared domain knowledge, 269, 271–2, 301

measurement of, 277–8

Shell, 95

Sheraton, 95

Siemens, 433

Silicon chips, 14

Singapore, 174, 175

key MIS issues, 159, 160

TradeNet, 101

Singer Sewing Machine company, 557

Slide Auctions, 369

Smart cards, 25

Society for Information Management (SIM), 154

Soft skills, 137–40

Software:

development, 7, 158, 163

maintenance, 168

obsolescence in underdeveloped nations, 171

packaged applications software availability,

168–9

standards, 168

Sourcing options evaluation, 602–5

See also Outsourcing

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624

Subject index

South Korea, 174, 175

Soviet Union, 165

Specialization, 481

SQL (Structured Query Language), 102

‘Stages of growth’ models, 33–61

Bhabuta model, 38, 39

Earl model, 36–8

Hirschheim et al model, 38–41

Nolan model, 34–5

revised model, 41–61

application of, 57–61

research method, 42–3

stages, 44–57

Standardization, 481

Standards, 102, 105, 168, 172

telecommunications, 102

Steering group, 600–1

Storage Dimensions, 555, 558, 559–60, 579–80

customer support challenge, 559–61

TechConnect support system, 555, 564–78,

579–80

as an adaptive learning IT infrastructure,

565–9

Bubble-Up solution management technology,

566, 567, 570

development of, 561–4

future challenges, 578

impacts and value assessment, 573–8

Strategic alliances, 433–4

Strategic grid, 242–3

Strategic information system planning (SISP), 19,

66, 181–2, 216–32

approaches to, 189–206, 217–18, 230

administrative approach, 192–3, 196–203

align approach, 230

business-led approach, 189–91, 196–9, 201–3

evaluations of, 196–9, 201–4

impact approach, 230

method-driven approach, 191–2, 196–9, 201–3

organizational approach, 194–206

related theories, 199–201

technological approach, 193–4, 196–203, 205

benefits of, 185

concerns/problems with, 186–8, 202, 213–14,

223–30, 236–7

implementation, 187, 214, 222–3, 225–7

leadership issues, 223–4

methodology, 186–7, 213, 221

process, 187, 213–14

resource issues, 227–30

implementation, 218–21

Business Systems Planning (BSP), 218

concerns, 187, 214, 222–3, 225–7

Information Engineering (IE), 220

Method/1, 220

PROplanner, 218–20

implications for practice, 205–6

implications for research, 204–5

objectives, 184–5, 217

satisfaction with, 222–3

success of, 185–6, 188, 201–2, 203–4

success factors, 188

survey, 221–2, 234–5

Strategic planning, IT, 157

Strategic positioning, 388, 389–91

Strategy, 64–5, 430, 449–50

absence of Internet strategy, 391–2

business strategy, 65, 107–8, 315, 427

corporate strategy, 65, 430, 449–50

data management strategy, 105–7

global strategy, 92–8

information management (IM) strategy, 66

information systems and, 241–6

international strategy, 95–6

IT strategy, 66, 84, 448

alignment, 241–2, 265–303

multinational strategy, 92, 99

transnational strategy, 96, 99

See also Information strategy; IS strategy

Strategy Set Transformation, 221

Structuring, 9

management information systems and, 500–1

See also Organizational structure

Success factors:

strategic information system planning, 188

See also Critical success factor (CSF) analysis

Supply chain management (SCM), 394

SWIFT (Society for Worldwide International Funds

Transfer), 102

Switching costs, 384

SWOT analysis, 72

System development, See Information systems

System strategy, See IS strategy

Systems, 18–19

expert systems, 18

integration, 163

rule-based systems, 18

See also Information systems; Specific types of

systems

Systems architecture, 73

Systems programmers, 11, 18

Systems theory, 430

Tacit knowledge, 504–5, 506–7

Taiwan, 174

key MIS issues, 159–64, 174

Task focused teams, 435–7

Taurus system, 589

TechConnect, See Storage Dimensions

Technical architecture, 73

Technological determinism, 119

Technology infrastructure, 157–8, 163

See also Information technology (IT)

Technology management gap, 405

See also Information technology (IT)

TELCOT, 368, 372

Telecommunications, 19

infrastructure, 157–8

regulatory environments, 101–2

standards, 102

systems, 159

Theory, 485

Total quality management (TQM), 436

Toyota, 94

Trade-offs, 390

TradeLink, Hong Kong, 101

TradeNet, Singapore, 101

Training, 140

MIS staff, 167

soft skills, 137–40

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Subject index

625

Transaction cost economics, 371

Transaction processing systems, 7, 13–14, 500

Transborder Data Flow (TBDF) regulations, 102

Transnational strategy, 96, 99

Uncertainty:

definitional, 253

technical, 253

Unilever, 92, 96

United Airlines, 158

USA:

IS/IT expenditure, 594

key MIS issues, 153, 154

meat trading, 363–4

User friendliness, 17, 164, 167

Value, 251–2

economic value, 379–80

Value acceleration, 251

Value chain, 390

Internet and, 394–5

Value chain analysis, 221, 244

Value engineering, 436

Value linking, 251

Value proposition, 390

Value restructuring, 251–2

Value-added networks (VANs), 24

Value-adding partnerships (VAPs), 433

Vanguard, 396

Video Auctioning, 369

Virtual Bank, 398

Virtual enterprise, 386

Virtual reality, 25

Vision, 300, 445, 448–9

Vitro, 433

Walgreens, 393–6

Web advertising, 387

Web Shop, 350

Wells Fargo, 402

Wide-area networks (WANS), 23

World Wide Web (WWW), 25–6, 350

customer support and, 581

W.W. Grainger, 396

XML standards, 384

Zimbabwe, key MIS issues, 169–73