Xorijiy tillar kafedrasi

FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

shall

will

 

1. tomorrow

the day after tomorrom

next year

next . . .

soon

in . . . in a week

on Monday

during

kabi so`zlar bilan kelasi zamonda ifodalanadigan ish-harakatini ifodalaydi.

 

 

 

Present Continuous	Future Indefinite
He is coming tomorrow.	He will come tomorrow.
He is going to the theatre next week.	He will come to the theatre next week.
She is leaving for Tashkent next year.	She will leave for Tashkent next year.

 

 

 

2. Present Indefinite ning Future Indefinite o`rnida qo`llanilishi.

if weather

when

as soon as

after, before

till, until, providing that

unless, in case, as long as

 

Present Indefinite                       Future Indefinite

                      е.g.                                   b.g

 

If he comes we shall go there.

He will come if he is free.

We shall have dinner when mother comes.

She will help you as soon as she does her own.

I shall wait till he comes.

What will you do if the train doesn’t come?

We shall not begin football unless nick comes.

                                                 kelmasa.

 

3. Agar bosh gap fe’l-kesimi.

to wonder         doubt

to be not sure    it is hard to say

to know, doubt, can’t decide.

can’t  tell fe’llari bilan  Present Indefinite ifodalansa yoki buyoruq gaplar Ask fe’li bilan boshlansa If, when (weather) belgilovchilardan keyin Future Indefinite qo`llaniladi.

 

Present Indefinite            If, when Future Indefinite

                       b.g.                        еr.g.

 

I wonder when he will come back.

Qiziq u qachon qaytib keladi.

I wonder if she will help us.

Qiziq u bizga yordam beradimi, yo`qmi.

I am not sure when they will begin the match.

IShonchim komil еmas.

I am not sure if he will tell us about it.

I don’t know when he will see her.

I don’t know whether she will return soon.

Men bilmayapman u tez orada qaytadimi, yo`qmi.

I didn’t know whether (if) she would return soon.

I dodnt know if she will come.

If she comes I shall tell, him about it.

Ask them when they will finish the work.

I can’t tell you if I shall be free tomorrow.

 

Exercise 8. Put the verbs in brackets into a suitable future tense.

1) Tomorrow afternoon at this time, we … (fly) over the Black Sea.2) … you

… (stay) in Moscow for long? 3) Do you know at what time Lizzy … (return)

tomorrow? 4) I … (live) with my sister while I am in Yalta. 5) Look! Those cars…

(collide) in a minute. 6) When … Mary (take) her examination? – I don’t know. We

…probably (find out) tomorrow when we see her. She’s an undecided sort of

person, isn’t she? Her lecturer should say to her, “You … (take this examination

next June, whether you want to or not.” 7) I wonder when they … (be) back. 8)

My sister … (come) to visit us tonight. 9) Hurry up or you … (be) late for your

appointment . 10) I … (leave) a message on the table for him. 11) I … (be) twenty

– one tomorrow. 12) I think it … (rain) heavily soon. 13) Your train … (arrive)

there at 6 a.m. tomorrow . 14) I … (meet) you here at seven o’clock tomorrow.

TELEVISION IN UZBEKISTAN

The birth place of television is Tashkent. The famous Russian scientist B.L.

Rosing was the founder of the electronic television. In 1911, he constructed a cathoderay

tube which was an electronic television. However, Rosing didn’t invent an electronic

transmitting device. That was the creation of two other Tashkenters -

B.P.Grabovsky and LF.Belyansky - both inventors.

In 1928 the young inventors demonstrated their Telegot prototype of presentday

electronic television. Nowadays you may see this TV in the Tashkent museum.

This invention is recognized by scientific organizations of the world and a certificate

was given and there it is written: “Knowing the history of the development of

electronics we testify, that the service of B.I. Grabovsky and I.R.Belyansky in the

development of electronic television is incontestable”.

On the 26th of June, 1968, the Uzbek people marked the 40th anniversary of

TV’s invention.

The television of Uzbekistan, although very much younger than radio broadcasting,

developed at such a rapid rate that soon it embraced nearly 90% of the population;

showing its programs on a number of channels.

Today the Uzbek TV Committee is equipped with the most up-to-date installation

and equipment and is serviced by a staff of thousands of specialists -journalists,

producers, operators, artists, engineers and others.

Special programs are devoted to different branches of industry, agriculture and

small business and moral, ethical and family affairs.

Difficulties of English
People say English is one of the simplest languages, because verbs and other

words have fewer forms than in most other languages. To make either the past

tense or past participle forms of most English verbs, you just add «-ed». For example,

«talked» is both the past tense and past participle of «talk.» Yet many speakers

of other languages find English a hard language to learn, because there are so

many irregular verbs that are exceptions to this simple rule. We say, «I drink,» «I

drank,» and «I have drunk,» «I see,» «I saw,» and «I have seen.»

Why are these verbs different? Because they came from Old English, the form

of English that people spoke until about 1150. Old English had very difficult patterns

of grammar for forming verbs and other parts of speech. But over the

years, Old English changed into the Modern English that people speak now, and

these patterns became easier. Words that came into English later, from other

languages, were formed according to these newer, simpler rules of grammar. But

many Old English verbs, especially the ones that people use often, stayed in the

language in forms similar to their original, more difficult ones. The verb «take»

comes from Old English, and that is why we say «took» and «taken» instead of

«taked.»


MODAL VERB «MUST»
 

 

1. Biror-bir ish-harakatning bajarish shartligini majburligini bildiradi.

I must do this work.

We must go there tomorrow.

 

2. Maslahat, buyruq berganda va talab qilganda qo`llaniladi.

You must see the doctor. 

You must come in time.

You must it more fruit.

 

3. Taqiqlashni bildiradi.

You mustn’t be late for the lessons.

You mustn’t smoke at school.

 

4. Еhtimollikni bildiradi.

He must be a very good man.

It must be a very good family.

 

QO`LLANILISHI.

1. mustQ Ind.Infinitive           (Doimiy)

            must + verb

I must learn the new words.

He must know her address.

 

2. So`roq gaplarda.

Must I do this work? –Yes, you must.

No, you needn’t.

 

3. must+ Ind.Inf. Passive.       

            Must be+ P.II

This work must be done by you.

 

4. must+ Cont.Inf.

            Must be+ P.I

Where is he? He must be watching TV.

 

5. must+ Perf.Inf.          (Tugallangan ish-harakati. Еhtimollik)

 

MODAL VERB «CAN»

 

1. Biror-bir ish-harakatini aqi-zehn orqali bajara olishlikni ifodalaydi.

I can read and write.

He can play chess.

 

2. Biror ish-harakatini kuch ishlatib qila olishlikni ifodalaydi.

I can climb a tree.

She can open the window.

He can break the log. (To`nka, xo`la).

 

3. Ruxsat so`raShni, ruxsat beriShni yoki taqiqlashni ifodalaydi.

Can I leave my bag here?

Can I take your dictionary?

Could you do me a favour?

You can come at any time.

You can’t smoke here.

 

4. Can modal fe’l biror iShni qilishga imkoniyat borligini yoki yo`qligini ifodalaydi.

I can’t go with you. I have to stay at home as my mother ill.

I have a lot of time. I can help you.

 MODAL VERB «MAY»

1. Biror bir iSh-harakatning natijasini Yuzaga chiqishiga hech qanday to`qinlik yo`qligini bildiradi.

I may show you this book.

2. Ruhsat so`rashni yoki ruhsat berishni ifodalaydi.

You may take my book.

May I take your dictionary?-Yes, you may.

                                            No, you mustn’t (can’t)

You may go for a walk.

3. Еhtimollikni bildiradi.

They may come tomorrow.

He may be at home now.
9. Fill in the gaps with proper madal verbs can, may, must:

1. All the students … go home because there will be no meeting after classes. 2.

He … help you as he is not busy now. 3. My son … skate very well. 4. … I come

in? – Do, please. 5. I am sorry, I … leave. At 5 o’clock i shall have a lecture. 6.

When … you come to the lesson? We … come to the lessons at 9. 7. You … not go

away now. You … stay here till 6. 8. I … not go to the club today. I have no time.

9. … they translate this text? – Yes, they … 10. There are children in this room.

You … not smoke here. 11. … I open the window? Yes, you …

 

WHAT IS ECOLOGY?
Ecology is a very popular word today. Ecology is a science which studies the

relationship between all forms of life on our planet and the environment. This word

came from Greek “oikos” which means “home”. The idea of home includes our

whole planet, its population, nature, animals, birds, fish, insets and all other living

beings and even the atmosphere around our planet.

Since ancient times Nature has served Man giving everything he needs: air to

breathe, food to eat, water to drink, wood for building and fuel for heating his

home. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with the environment and it

seemed to them that the resources of nature had no end or limit. With the industrial

revolution our negative influence on Nature began to increase. Large cities with

thousands of steaming, polluting plants and factories can be found nowadays all

over the world. The by-products of their activity pollute the air we breathe, the

water we drink, the fields where our crops are grown. That’s why those who live

in cities prefer spending their days off and their holidays far from the noise of the

city, to be closer to nature. Perhaps they like to breathe fresh air or to swim in clear

water because the ecology is not so poor as in the cities.

So, we see that our environment offers an abundance of subject matter for

discussion. The problems and prospects of the planet interest not only scientists

and futurologists, but also politicians, industry, the public – and above all, young

people! There is hardly a young person who is not concerned with the preservation

of our nature.

Whether a scientist or a politician, a banker or a student, whether Greek,

Norwegian, Hungarian or Uzbek … are to stop pollution.

Scientists now predict that by the year 2050 the population will be doubled what

is today. The fact remains that the rate of food production fell behind population